The Internationalization of Venture Capital and Private Equity

Joshua Aizenman and Jake Kendall

No 14344, NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc

Abstract: This paper investigates the internationalization of venture capital (VC) and private equity (PE) investments. We derive flows between countries of VC and PE investments worldwide, relying on comprehensive firm-level data sources, covering three decades and about 100 countries. A gravity analysis indicates that distance, common language, and colonial ties are significant factors in directing these flows. Additionally, the presence of high-end human capital, a better business environment, high levels of military expenditure, and deeper financial markets are important local factors that attract international venture capital. There is also evidence of path dependency and persistence in VC and PE flows, indicating network effects and fixed costs of entry may be at work. Further analysis suggests the internalization of VC and PE is an ongoing story. Prior to the 1990s, VC was primarily a US-only phenomenon. The globalization of IT activities induced the US venture capital industry to mature, and to start exporting its unique skills as VC managers. The US is now a dominant net exporter of deals, though most crossborder deals are still either to or from the US. China has emerged as the dominant net importer, followed by Sweden, Canada, the UK, France and India. For deals outside the US, cross-border participation has been the norm, while US-located deals have been almost exclusively domestic, involving a higher percent of international participation only after 2001. In the past few years, domestic VC capacity has begun to emerge in many countries where it did not exist previously.

JEL-codes: F15 F21 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2008-09
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-cwa and nep-ent
Note: ITI
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (27)

Published as Joshua Aizenman, Jake Kendall, (2012) "The internationalization of venture capital", Journal of Economic Studies, Vol. 39 Iss: 5, pp.488 - 511

Downloads: (external link)
http://www.nber.org/papers/w14344.pdf (application/pdf)

Related works:
Working Paper: The Internationalization of Venture Capital and Private Equity* (2008)
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nbr:nberwo:14344

Ordering information: This working paper can be ordered from
http://www.nber.org/papers/w14344

Access Statistics for this paper

More papers in NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc National Bureau of Economic Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.. Contact information at EDIRC.
Bibliographic data for series maintained by ().