Marriage Meets the Joneses: Relative Income, Identity, and Marital Status

Tara Watson and Sara McLanahan

No 14773, NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc

Abstract: In this paper we investigate the effect of relative income on marital status. We develop an identity model based on Akerlof and Kranton (2000) and apply it to the marriage decision. The empirical evidence is consistent with the idea that people are more likely to marry when their incomes approach a financial level associated with idealized norms of marriage. We hypothesize that the "marriage ideal" is determined by the median income in an individual's local reference group. After controlling flexibly for the absolute level of income and a number of other factors, the ratio between a man's income and the marriage ideal is a strong predictor of marital status -- but only if he is below the ideal. For white men, relative income considerations jointly drive co-residence, marriage, and fatherhood decisions. For black men, relative income affects the marriage decision only, and relative income is tied to marital status even for those living with a partner and children. Relative income concerns explain 10-15 percent of the decline in marriage since 1970 for low income white men, and account for more than half of the persistent marriage gap between high- and low-income men.

JEL-codes: J12 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2009-03
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-lab and nep-ltv
Note: EH LS
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (14)

Published as Tara Watson & Sara McLanahan, 2011. "Marriage Meets the Joneses: Relative Income, Identity, and Marital Status," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 46(3), pages 482-517.

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Journal Article: Marriage Meets the Joneses: Relative Income, Identity, and Marital Status (2011)
Working Paper: Marriage Meets the Joneses: Relative Income, Identity, and Marital Status (2009)
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