Did California’s Shelter-in-Place Order Work? Early Coronavirus-Related Public Health Effects

Andrew Friedson, Drew McNichols, Joseph J. Sabia and Dhaval Dave

No 26992, NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc

Abstract: On March 19, 2020, California Governor Gavin Newsom issued Executive Order N-33-20 2020, which required all residents of the state of California to shelter in place for all but essential activities such as grocery shopping, retrieving prescriptions from a pharmacy, or caring for relatives. This shelter-in-place order (SIPO), the first such statewide order issued in the United States, was designed to reduce COVID-19 cases and mortality. While the White House Task Force on the Coronavirus has credited the State of California for taking early action to prevent a statewide COVID-19 outbreak, no study has examined its impact. This study is the first to estimate the effect of SIPO adoption on health. Using daily state-level coronavirus data and a synthetic control research design, we find that California’s statewide SIPO reduced COVID-19 cases by 125.5 to 219.7 per 100,000 population by April 20, one month following the order. We further find that California’s SIPO led to as many as 1,661 fewer COVID-19 deaths during this period. Back-of-the-envelope calculations suggest that there were about 400 job losses per life saved during this short-run post-treatment period.

JEL-codes: H75 I18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020-04
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-hea
Note: AG CH DEV EH LE LS PE
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