A Watershed Moment: The Clean Water Act and Birth Weight

Patrick Flynn and Michelle M. Marcus

No 29152, NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc

Abstract: The Clean Water Act (CWA) significantly improved surface water quality, but at a cost exceeding the estimated benefits. We quantify the effect of the CWA on a direct measure of health. Using a difference-in-differences framework, we compare birth weight upstream and downstream from wastewater treatment facilities before and after CWA grant receipt. Pollution only decreased downstream from facilities required to upgrade their treatment technology, and we leverage this additional variation with a triple difference. CWA grants increased average birth weight by 8 grams.

JEL-codes: H51 I1 Q51 Q53 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021-08
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-env, nep-hea and nep-isf
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