The Dynamics of Retail Deposit Balances

Bronson Argyle, Benjamin Iverson, Jason Kotter, Taylor D. Nadauld and Christopher Palmer

No 34742, NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc

Abstract: We investigate the dynamics of household deposits using account-level data from 12 million accounts across 154 U.S. credit unions. Significant skewness in the retail deposit distribution–with 10% of depositors controlling 70% of total deposits–means large-balance accounts drive aggregate retail deposit flows. On average, high-balance accounts become large after significant one-time inflows and are more likely to experience large, idiosyncratic drawdowns. Unlike low-balance households, high-balance retail depositors are not sensitive to interest rate shocks. Additional evidence suggests that overall retail deposit stickiness is driven by high-balance accounts that are used as medium-run liquidity stores rather than for interest income.

JEL-codes: D14 E43 G21 G51 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026-01
Note: CF ME
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