Two Waves of Globalisation: Superficial Similarities, Fundamental Differences

Richard Baldwin and Philippe Martin

No 6904, NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc

Abstract: This paper looks at the two waves of globalisation (roughly 1820-1914 and 1960-present) focusing on key economic facts (trade investment, migration, and capital flows, Industrialisation/de-industrialisation convergence/divergence) beliefs and policymaking environments. The two waves are superficial similarities but are fundamentally different. Chief similarities include aggregate trade and capital flow ratios, and the importance of reductions in barriers to international transactions. The fundamental difference lies in the impact that these reductions had on trade in goods versus trade in ideas. Initial conditions constitute another important difference. Before the first wave, all the world was poor and agrarian. When the second wave began, it was sharply divided between rich and poor nations.

JEL-codes: F1 F4 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 1999-01
Note: ITI
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (194)

Published as Globalisation and Labour, J.C.B. Mohr for Kiel Institute of World Economics Siebert, H., ed., Tubingen, 1999.

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Related works:
Working Paper: Two Waves of Globalisation: Superficial Similarities, Fundamental Differences (1999)
Working Paper: Two Waves of Globalisation: Superficial Similarities, Fundamental Differences (1999)
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