아프리카 건설·플랜트 시장특성 분석 및 한국의 진출방안 (Trends in the African Construction and Plant Building Market and Its Implication for Korea)

Young Ho Park (), Sungil Kwak, Hyelin Jeon and Jong-Moon Jang ()
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Young Ho Park: Korea Institute for International Economic Policy
Hyelin Jeon: Korea Institute for International Economic Policy
Jong-Moon Jang: Korea Institute for International Economic Policy

No 12-25, Policy Analyses from Korea Institute for International Economic Policy

Abstract: Korean Abstract: 아프리카의 인프라는 세계에서 가장 열악하다. 도로는 화물과 승객 수송의 80~90%를 담당하는 주요 국가 기간망이지만 포장비율은 20% 정도에 불과하며, 철도 역시 대부분이 식민시대에 건설된 것으로 노후화 정도가 심각하여 제 기능을 다하지 못하고 있다. 항만 및 공항 시설 역시 크게 낙후되어 있어 경제발전의 발목을 잡고 있다. 전력 인프라 또한 그 사정이 크게 다르지 않은데, 사하라이남 지역의 경우 인구는 8억 명에 달하고 있지만 발전능력은 인구 4,500만 명의 스페인보다도 적으며, 이것도 남아공을 제외하면 아르헨티나와 비슷해진다. 더욱이 전력설비가 크게 노후화되어 1/4 정도는 제대로 가동되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 그 결과 30여 개국에서는 매일 정전이 발생하고 있으며 이로 인해 막대한 규모의 경제적 손실을 겪고 있다. 그런데 최근 들어 정치적 안정과 괄목할 만한 경제성장에다가 자원개발 붐과 국제사회의 인프라 개발자금 지원이 결부되면서 아프리카에서 새로운 건설수요가 창출되고 있다. 많은 아프리카 국가의 건설부문 성장률이 경제성장률은 물론 다른 산업의 성장률을 크게 상회하고 있는데, 이러한 현상은 앙골라, 수단, 알제리, 콩고(DRC) 등 자원부국을 중심으로 더욱 두드러지게 나타나고 있다. 국가별로 정도의 차이는 있으나 많은 아프리카 국가들의 공공투자 계획을 보면 교통 및 전력 인프라 등 사회간접자본(SOC) 확충에 초점이 맞추어져 있으며, 여기에 더하여 산유국들은 국제유가 상승으로 축적한 오일머니 재원을 바탕으로 산업기반시설 확충에 나서고 있어 고부가가치 산업인 플랜트 건설수요도 빠르게 증가하고 있다. (후략) English Abstract: Africa is the poorest continent in the world in terms of public infrastructure. In any country with functioning public infrastructure, roads form the backbone of transportation, responsible for the 80-90% of movements of people and goods. In Africa, however, only 20% or so of existing roads have been paved. The vast majority of existing railways was laid during the colonial era and is now obsolete, unable to function properly. Much of its port and airport facilities are similarly outdated becoming, in effect, major obstacles to the continent’s economic development. Particularly conspicuous as well is the absence of proper electricity infrastructure. Almost 800 million Africans live in the sub-Saharan region, but the aggregate power generation capacity of the region lags behind the capacity of Spain (with a population of 45 million). If South Africa is not counted in with Sub-Saharan Africa, the region’s power capacity is lowered to the level of Argentina. Nearly a quarter of the existing power facilities are out of order and obsolete. Thirty or so African countries, therefore, experience power outages on a daily basis, and serious economic losses as a consequence. The increasing measure of political stability and signs of significant economic growth in Africa, coupled with activities in resource extraction market and the increasing influx of infrastructure development funds from the international community, have led to the explosive growth of the construction industry on the continent. The growth rate of the construction sector in numerous African countries hovers well above the average economic growth rate. This pattern is especially evident in such resource-rich countries as Angola, Sudan, Algeria, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. The public investment plans of these African states, notwithstanding differences in detail, mostly focus on expanding the social overhead capital (SOC), such as the infrastructure for transportation and electricity. Oil-producing countries now actively channel the wealth they have gained from the rise in international oil prices toward expanding their industrial infrastructure, fueling the growing demand for the development of various plants. (The rest omitted)

Keywords: Infrastructure; Economic Development-Africa; Plant Market; Construction Market; Investment; Africa (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 268 pages
Date: 2012-12-31
Note: Downloadable document is in Korean.
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