The end of the European Paradox

Javier Ruiz-Castillo and Neus Herranz

No 8674, CEPR Discussion Papers from C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers

Abstract: This paper evaluates the European Paradox according to which Europe plays a leading world role in terms of scientific excellence, measured in terms of the number of publications, but lacks the entrepreneurial capacity of the U.S. to transform this excellent performance into innovation, growth, and jobs. Citation distributions for the U.S., the European Union (EU), and the rest of the world are evaluated using a pair of high- and low-impact indicators, as well as the mean citation rate. The dataset consists of 3.6 million articles published in 1998-2002 with a common five-year citation window. The analysis is carried at a low aggregation level: the 219 sub-fields identified with the Web of Science categories distinguished by Thomson Scientific. The problems posed by international co-authorship and the multiple assignments of articles to sub-fields are solved following a multiplicative strategy. We find that, although the EU has more publications than the U.S. in 113 out of 219 sub-fields, the U.S. is ahead of the EU in 189 and 163 sub-fields in terms of the high- and low-impact indicators. Furthermore, we verify that using the high-impact indicator the U.S./EU gap is usually greater than when using the mean citation rate.

Keywords: Citation analysis; Web of science categories; Journal classification; Research performance; Normalization; European paradox (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O31 Y80 Z00 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2011-11
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-eur and nep-sog
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

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Related works:
Journal Article: The end of the “European Paradox” (2013)
Working Paper: The end of the European Paradox (2011)
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