The Delayed Effect of Low-Energy Lignite Organic Matter on the Treatment Optimization of Zea mays L. Grown for Silage

Barbara Symanowicz (), Marcin Becher, Dawid Jaremko, Martyna Toczko, Rafał Toczko and Sebastian Krasuski
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Barbara Symanowicz: Institute of Agriculture and Horticulture, Faculty of Agrobioengineering and Animal Husbandry, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, B. Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
Marcin Becher: Institute of Agriculture and Horticulture, Faculty of Agrobioengineering and Animal Husbandry, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, B. Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
Dawid Jaremko: Institute of Agriculture and Horticulture, Faculty of Agrobioengineering and Animal Husbandry, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, B. Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
Martyna Toczko: Institute of Agriculture and Horticulture, Faculty of Agrobioengineering and Animal Husbandry, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, B. Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
Rafał Toczko: Institute of Agriculture and Horticulture, Faculty of Agrobioengineering and Animal Husbandry, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, B. Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
Sebastian Krasuski: Institute of Agriculture and Horticulture, Faculty of Agrobioengineering and Animal Husbandry, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, B. Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland

Agriculture, 2022, vol. 12, issue 10, 1-14

Abstract: The field experiment was conducted in the central-eastern Poland. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of low-energy lignite organic matter applied to the preceding crop in the form of an organomineral fertilizer on the treatment optimization of Zea mays L. maize grown for silage. Two factors were taken into account in the research: factor I—five fertilization plots control plot—without fertilization (1), NPKMgS (2), NPKMgS + N1(3), NPKMgS + N2 (4), NPKMgS + N3 (5); factor II—three varieties of Zea mays L. Nitrogen was applied as fertilizers 3, 4 and 5 at doses of N1-20, N2-40 and N3-60 kg per hectare. In the spring each year, selected plots were pre-sown with mineral fertilizers at doses of 100 kg·N, 35 kg·P, 125 kg·K, 12 kg·Mg and 14 kg·S per hectare. Organomineral fertilizer based on low-energy lignite was applied to the preceding crop (maize grown for silage) on two plots, in 1 and 5 t·ha −1 doses. Mineral fertilizers used in research significantly reduced the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and sulphur in the dry matter of plants. The uptake of the nutrients reached the highest values for maize treated with NPKMgS + N1, NPKMgS + N2 and NPKMgS + N3. The agronomic efficiency (AE) of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and sulphur, all of which were applied in the form of the polyfoska ® fertilizer, M-MAKS (NPKMgS), potassium salt and urea, reached the highest values for plots treated with NPKMgS + N1 and NPKMgS + N2. In turn, the treatment of NPKMgS and NPKMgS + N3 with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and sulphur resulted in the highest values of physiological efficiency (PE). Based on the three-year research carried out with the use of polyfoska ® M-MAKS (NPKMgS), potassium salt and urea in the fertilization of maize grown for silage, it is possible to recommend the optimal dose of NPKMgS + N1 mineral fertilizers (100-35-125-12-14 pre-sowing, 20 kg top dressing N) and NPKMgS + N2 (pre-sowing 100-35-125-12-14, top dressing 40 kg·N). The low-energy lignite applied to the preceding crop in doses of 1 t and 5 t at the NPKMgS + N1 and NPKMgS + N2 plots contributed to the achievement of the analyzed parameters (uptake, AE and AE) at a high level.

Keywords: low-energy lignite (reusable organic additives); bioavailability; maize; fertilization with NPKMgS; fertilization efficiency (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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