Streamflow of the Betwa River under the Combined Effect of LU-LC and Climate Change

Amit Kumar, Raghvender Pratap Singh, Swatantra Kumar Dubey and Kumar Gaurav ()
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Amit Kumar: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
Raghvender Pratap Singh: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
Swatantra Kumar Dubey: Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
Kumar Gaurav: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India

Agriculture, 2022, vol. 12, issue 12, 1-15

Abstract: We estimate the combined effect of climate and landuse-landcover (LU-LC) change on the streamflow of the Betwa River; a semi-arid catchment in Central India. We have used the observed and future bias-corrected climatic datasets from 1980–2100. To assess the LU-LC change in the catchment, we have processed and classified the Landsat satellite images from 1990–2020. We have used Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based Cellular Automata (CA) model to simulate the future LU-LC. Further, we coupled the observed and projected LU-LC and climatic variables in the SWAT (Soil and water assessment tool) model to simulate the streamflow of the Betwa River. In doing so, we have setup this model for the observed (1980–2000 and 2001–2020) and projected (2023–2060 and 2061–2100) time periods by using the LU-LC of the years 1990, 2018, and 2040, 2070, respectively. We observed that the combined effect of climate and LU-LC change resulted in the reduction in the mean monsoon stream flow of the Betwa River by 16% during 2001–2020 as compared to 1982–2000. In all four CMIP6 climatic scenarios (SSP126, SSP245, SSP370, and SSP585), the mean monsoon stream flow is expected to decrease by 39–47% and 31–47% during 2023–2060 and 2061–2100, respectively as compared to the observed time period 1982–2020. Furthermore, average monsoon rainfall in the catchment will decrease by 30–35% during 2023–2060 and 23–30% during 2061–2100 with respect to 1982–2020.

Keywords: streamflow; semi-arid; climate change; landuse/landcover change; CMIP6; SWAT model; agriculture water demand (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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