Scion–Rootstock Relationship: Molecular Mechanism and Quality Fruit Production

Mukesh Shivran, Nimisha Sharma (), Anil Kumar Dubey, Sanjay Kumar Singh, Neha Sharma, Radha Mohan Sharma, Narendra Singh and Rakesh Singh
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Mukesh Shivran: Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
Nimisha Sharma: Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
Anil Kumar Dubey: Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
Sanjay Kumar Singh: Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
Neha Sharma: IILM Academy of Higher Learning, College of Engineering and Technology Greater Noida, Noida 201310, India
Radha Mohan Sharma: Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
Narendra Singh: Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
Rakesh Singh: ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110012, India

Agriculture, 2022, vol. 12, issue 12, 1-15

Abstract: Most tree fruits are commercially grown on different root systems, hence called composite plants. The section provides the root system as the rootstock, and the atop ground portion is called the scion. The combination is selected based on different traits of scion varieties, rootstock, and prevailing edaphic situations. The dated back plant propagation technique of joining two plants (grafting/budding) that directly communicates new physiological traits to the desirable scion variety from the rootstock remains unclear. In spite of this, this propagation technique continues widely applied in the multiplication of several fruit plant species. In a grafted plant, rootstocks impacted the scion variety’s growth, yield and quality attributes, physiology, nutrient accumulation as well as biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in many ways. Modern research in plant science for next-generation sequencing providing new vital information about the molecular interactions in composite plants multiplied using grafting. Now it was confirmed that genetic exchange is occurring between rootstock and scion variety through grafting joints. In this aspect, we discuss the process and the molecular mechanism of rootstock scion interactions. This review finally explains the dynamics of rootstock–scion interactions as well as their effect on physiology in terms of production, environmental stresses, and fruit quality. The morphological, physiochemical, and molecular mechanisms have been reviewed to develop an integrated understanding of this unknowable process that questions existing genetic paradigms. The present review summarizes the reported molecular mechanism between scion and rootstock and the impact of rootstocks on the production biology of scion varieties of economically important fruit crops and identifies numerous key points to consider when conducting rootstock scion interaction experiments. Rootstocks may offer a non-transgenic approach to rapidly respond to the changing environment and expand agricultural production of perennial fruit crops where grafting is possible in order to meet the global demand for fruit, food, and demands of the future.

Keywords: graft-union; hormones; molecular breeding; rootstock (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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