The Impact of the Renovation of Grassland on the Development of Segetal Weeds in Organic Farming

Eliza Gaweł, Mieczysław Grzelak, Bogusława Waliszewska and Magdalena Janyszek-Sołtysiak
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Eliza Gaweł: Department of Forage Crop Production, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation—State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8 Str., 24-100 Puławy, Poland
Mieczysław Grzelak: Department of Grassland and Natural Landscope, Poznań University of Life Science, Dojazd 11 Str., 60-656 Poznań, Poland
Bogusława Waliszewska: Department of Chemical Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Science, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
Magdalena Janyszek-Sołtysiak: Department of Botany, Poznan University of Life Science, Wojska Polskiego 71 C, 60-625 Poznań, Poland

Agriculture, 2022, vol. 12, issue 5, 1-16

Abstract: The intensive use or discontinuation of the use of swards can compromise biodiversity, yields, and feed quality; thus, leading to the degradation of permanent grasslands. Various methods of renovation are employed to restore the usability of degraded swards. In the years 2013–2016, a monofactorial field experiment was carried out on the Experimental Farm in Grabów (province of Mazowieckie, Poland). The experiment involved swards being reseeded after ploughing (P) and after disking with a compact harrow (H), with a non-renovated sward as the control treatment. The plots under renovation were reseeded with a lucerne–grass mixture. Both seedbed preparation methods for the renewed sward, ploughing (P) or shallow disking to a depth of 5 cm (H), were found to be effective for increasing sward yields, restricting weed growth, and reducing the number of weeds in the sward. The ploughing-based renovation method (P) had a strongly restrictive effect on biodiversity, as expressed by the H’ function value vis-à-vis the harrow method (H) and the non-renewed control (NR). Dicotyledonous species accounted for 92.3% of the weed population in the studied treatments. Of these, Taraxacum officinale , Achillea milefolium , Capsella bursa-pastoris , and Plantago maior occurred in the highest numbers.

Keywords: grassland renovation; ploughing; harrow; biomass index; diversity ( H’ ) and dominance index ( SI ); segetal weeds (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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