Effect of Preparation Process on the Physicochemical Properties of Activated Carbon Prepared from Corn Stalks

Beibei Xu, Min Chang, Chengguo Fu, Jiale Han, Yahui Wang, Yipeng Feng () and Zhiping Zhang
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Beibei Xu: School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
Min Chang: School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
Chengguo Fu: School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
Jiale Han: School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
Yahui Wang: School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
Yipeng Feng: School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
Zhiping Zhang: Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of China’s Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China

Agriculture, 2024, vol. 14, issue 3, 1-16

Abstract: The preparation of activated carbon (AC) from agricultural and forestry wastes is one of the effective methods for resource utilization. In this study, AC was prepared from corn stalk (CS) by pyrolysis, one-step activation, and two-step activation to determine the optimum preparation method. Based on this, a single-factor design was used to investigate the influence of activating agents (KOH, NaOH, KOH/NaOH), activation temperatures (600, 700, 800 °C), and activation times (60, 90, 120 min) on the physicochemical properties of AC. The physicochemical properties of AC were characterized by Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Cyclic voltammetry (CV). The results showed that the AC obtained by the one-step activation method (KOH, 800 °C, 120 min) exhibited a rich pore structure and excellent electrochemical properties (I pa = 159.8 μA, I pc = −169.5 μA). However, for the two-step activation method, the AC exhibited a poor pore structure and electrochemical properties (I pa = 130.8 μA, I pc = −129.9 μA). In addition, one-step activation provides high-quality AC in a shorter activation time than two-step activation.

Keywords: corn stalk; activated carbon; preparation method; activation temperature; activating agent; activation time (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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