Efficacy of N -methyl- N -nitrosourea (MNU) Mutation on Enhancing the Yield and Quality of Rice

Kifayatullah Kakar, Tran Dang Xuan, Nguyen Van Quan, Imran Khan Wafa, Hoang-Dung Tran, Tran Dang Khanh and Tran Dang Dat
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Kifayatullah Kakar: Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan
Tran Dang Xuan: Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan
Nguyen Van Quan: Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan
Imran Khan Wafa: Badam Bagh Research Station, Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation, and Livestock, Kabul 1001, Afghanistan
Hoang-Dung Tran: Department of Biotechnology, NTT Institute of Hi-Technology, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh 72820, Vietnam
Tran Dang Khanh: Department of Genetic Engineering, Agricultural Genetics Institute, Hanoi 122300, Vietnam
Tran Dang Dat: Khai Xuan International Co. Ltd., Ha Dong District, Duong Noi Ward, LK20A-20B, Khai Xuan Building, Hanoi 152611, Vietnam

Agriculture, 2019, vol. 9, issue 10, 1-11

Abstract: Mutation technology has been applied more in recent decades to achieve novel products that are not commonly found in nature. An experiment was conducted to examine the effects of an N -methyl- N -nitrosourea (MNU) mutation on the growth, yield, and physicochemical properties of rice. Seeds of two rice cultivars (K1: DT84, and K3: Q5), along with their mutant lines (K2: mutated DT84, and K4: mutated Q5), were sown, and the established seedlings were transplanted to an open field. Ten hills per plot were randomly selected to evaluate growth parameters, yield, and components. Physicochemical attributes, including protein, amylose, and lipid contents, as well as taste score were measured by a quality tester device. The results showed that plant length, tiller number, and panicle length were higher in mutant lines than those of their cultivars. Furthermore, mutant lines took longer to reach heading and maturity stage. The highest panicle number, spikelet number, repined ratio, 1000 grain weight, 1000 brown rice weight, and grain yield were obtained in mutant lines, as compared to cultivars. The greatest grain yield was obtained in the K4 mutant line (11.6 t/ha), while the lowest was recorded in the K1 cultivar (7.7 t/ha). Lower amylose, protein, and lipid contents were observed in mutant lines compared to those in cultivars. The taste score, which increased from 67.7 to 73.7, was found to be correlated with lower amylose, protein, and lipid contents. The mutation approach increased the grain length but decreased the grain width of tested varieties. This study highlights and suggests the importance of MNU mutation in terms of rice yield improvement with preferable quality.

Keywords: rice; growth; yield; protein; lipid; amylose; MNU mutation; quality (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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