Authorities’ Fiscal Forecasts in Latin America: Are They Optimistic?

Metodij Hadzi-Vaskov, Luca Ricci, Alejandro Werner and Rene Zamarripa

No 2021/154, IMF Working Papers from International Monetary Fund

Abstract: Do governments in Latin America tend to be optimistic when preparing budgetary projections? We address this question by constructing a novel dataset of the authorities’ fiscal forecasts in six Latin American economies using data from annual budget documents over the period 2000-2018. In turn, we compare such forecasts with the outturns reported in the corresponding budget documents of the following years to understand the evolution of fiscal forecast errors. Our findings suggest that: (i) for most countries, there is no general optimistic bias in the forecasts for the fiscal balance-to-GDP ratio (though there may be for the components); (ii) fiscal forecasts have improved for some countries over time, albeit they have worsened for others; (iii) in terms of drivers, we show that forecast errors for the fiscal balance-to-GDP ratio are positively correlated with GDP growth and terms of trade changes and negatively with GDP deflator surprises; (iv) forecast errors for public debt-to-GDP ratios are negatively associated with surprises to GDP growth; (v) lastly, budget balance rules seem to help contain the size of the fiscal forecast errors.

Keywords: forecast bias; budget balance rule; GDP ratio; expenditure rule; revenue-to-GDP ratio; Fiscal stance; Budget planning and preparation; Fiscal rules; Caribbean (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 42
Date: 2021-06-04
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-for and nep-mac
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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Working Paper: Authorities’ fiscal forecasts in Latin America: are they optimistic? (2023)
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