A Unified Theory of Tobin's q, Corporate Investment, Financing, and Risk Management

Patrick Bolton, Hui Chen () and Neng Wang

No 14845, NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc

Abstract: This paper proposes a simple homogeneous dynamic model of investment and corporate risk management for a financially constrained firm. Following Froot, Scharfstein, and Stein (1993), we define a corporation's risk management as the coordination of investment and financing decisions. In our model, corporate risk management involves internal liquidity management, financial hedging, and investment. We determine a firm's optimal cash, investment, asset sales, credit line, external equity finance, and payout policies as functions of the following key parameters: 1) the firm's earnings growth and cash-flow risk; 2) the external cost of financing; 3) the firm's liquidation value; 4) the opportunity cost of holding cash; 5) investment adjustment and asset sales costs; and 6) the return and covariance characteristics of hedging assets the firm can invest in. The optimal cash inventory policy takes the form of a double-barrier policy where i) cash is paid out to shareholders only when the cash-capital ratio hits an endogenous upper barrier, and ii) external funds are raised only when the firm has depleted its cash. In between the two barriers, the firm adjusts its capital expenditures, asset sales, and hedging policies. Several new insights emerge from our analysis. For example, we find an inverse relation between marginal Tobin's q and investment when the firm draws on its credit line. We also find that financially constrained firms may have a lower equity beta in equilibrium because these firms tend to hold higher precautionary cash inventories.

JEL-codes: E22 G12 G32 G35 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2009-04
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-bec, nep-mac and nep-rmg
Note: AP CF EFG
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (31)

Published as Patrick Bolton & Hui Chen & Neng Wang, 2011. "A Unified Theory of Tobin's q, Corporate Investment, Financing, and Risk Management," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 66(5), pages 1545-1578, October.

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Journal Article: A Unified Theory of Tobin's q, Corporate Investment, Financing, and Risk Management (2011)
Working Paper: A unified theory of Tobin's q, corporate investment, financing, and risk management (2010)
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