Measuring Economic Growth from Outer Space

J. Vernon Henderson, Adam Storeygard and David Weil

No 15199, NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc

Abstract: GDP growth is often measured poorly for countries and rarely measured at all for cities or subnational regions. We propose a readily available proxy: satellite data on lights at night. We develop a statistical framework that uses lights growth to augment existing income growth measures, under the assumption that measurement error in using observed light as an indicator of income is uncorrelated with measurement error in national income accounts. For countries with good national income accounts data, information on growth of lights is of marginal value in estimating the true growth rate of income, while for countries with the worst national income accounts, the optimal estimate of true income growth is a composite with roughly equal weights. Among poor-data countries, our new estimate of average annual growth differs by as much as 3 percentage points from official data. Lights data also allow for measurement of income growth in sub- and supranational regions. As an application, we examine growth in Sub Saharan African regions over the last 17 years. We find that real incomes in non-coastal areas have grown faster by 1/3 of an annual percentage point than coastal areas; non-malarial areas have grown faster than malarial ones by 1/3 to 2/3 annual percent points; and primate city regions have grown no faster than hinterland areas. Such applications point toward a research program in which "empirical growth" need no longer be synonymous with "national income accounts."

JEL-codes: E01 O47 Q1 R11 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2009-07
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-agr, nep-eff, nep-geo and nep-ure
Note: EFG
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (58)

Published as J. Vernon Henderson & Adam Storeygard & David N. Weil, 2012. "Measuring Economic Growth from Outer Space," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 102(2), pages 994-1028, April.

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Related works:
Journal Article: Measuring Economic Growth from Outer Space (2012)
Working Paper: Measuring Economic Growth from Outer Space (2009)
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