Diet, Health and Work Intensity in England and Wales, 1700-1914

Bernard Harris (), Roderick Floud, Robert Fogel and Sok Chul Hong ()

No 15875, NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc

Abstract: In their different ways, both Thomas Malthus and Thomas McKeown raised fundamental questions about the relationship between food supply and the decline of mortality. Malthus argued that food supply was the most important constraint on population growth and McKeown claimed that an improvement in the population's capacity to feed itself was the most important single cause of mortality change. This paper explores the implications of these arguments for our understanding of the causes of mortality decline in Britain between 1700 and 1914. It presents new estimates showing changes in the calorific value and composition of British diets in 1700, 1750, 1800 and 1850 and compares these with the official estimates published by the Royal Society in 1917. It then considers the implications of these data in the light of new arguments about the relationship between diet, work intensity and economic growth. However the paper is not solely concerned with the analysis of food-related issues. It also considers the ways in which sanitary reform may have contributed to the decline of mortality at the end of the nineteenth century and it pays particular attention to the impact of cohort-specific factors on the pattern of mortality decline from the mid-nineteenth century onwards.

JEL-codes: I1 I3 N3 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2010-04
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-hea and nep-his
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Published as Technophysio Evolution and Human Health in England and Wales since 1700 , Roderick Floud, Robert W. Fogel, Bernard Harris, Sok Chul Hong. in The Changing Body: Health, Nutrition, and Human Development in the Western World since 1700 , Floud, Fogel, Harris, and Hong. 2011

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