The Distributional Effects of U.S. Clean Energy Tax Credits

Severin Borenstein and Lucas Davis

No 21437, NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc

Abstract: Since 2006, U.S. households have received more than $18 billion in federal income tax credits for weatherizing their homes, installing solar panels, buying hybrid and electric vehicles, and other "clean energy" investments. We use tax return data to examine the socioeconomic characteristics of program recipients. We find that these tax expenditures have gone predominantly to higher-income Americans. The bottom three income quintiles have received about 10% of all credits, while the top quintile has received about 60%. The most extreme is the program aimed at electric vehicles, where we find that the top income quintile has received about 90% of all credits. By comparing to previous work on the distributional consequences of pricing greenhouse gas emissions, we conclude that tax credits are likely to be much less attractive on distributional grounds than market mechanisms to reduce GHGs.

JEL-codes: D30 H23 H24 H50 Q41 Q48 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2015-07
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-ene, nep-env, nep-ger, nep-pbe, nep-pub, nep-reg and nep-tre
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Published as The Distributional Effects of U.S. Clean Energy Tax Credits , Severin Borenstein, Lucas W. Davis. in Tax Policy and the Economy, Volume 30 , Brown. 2016

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Related works:
Journal Article: The Distributional Effects of US Clean Energy Tax Credits (2016)
Chapter: The Distributional Effects of U.S. Clean Energy Tax Credits (2014)
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