The Social Tax: Redistributive Pressure and Labor Supply

Eliana Carranza, Aletheia Donald, Florian Grosset-Touba and Supreet Kaur

No 30438, NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc

Abstract: In low-income communities, pressure to share income with others may disincentivize work, distorting labor supply. We document that across countries, social groups that undertake more interpersonal transfers work fewer hours. Using a field experiment, we enable piece-rate factory workers in Côte d’Ivoire to shield income using blocked savings accounts over 3-9 months. Workers may only deposit earnings increases, relative to baseline, mitigating income effects on labor supply. We vary whether the offered account is private or known to the worker’s network, altering the likelihood of transfer requests against saved income. When accounts are private, take-up is substantively higher (60% vs. 14%). Offering private accounts sharply increases labor supply—raising work attendance by 10% and earnings by 11%. Outgoing transfers do not decline, indicating no loss in redistribution. Our estimates imply a 9-14% social tax rate. The welfare benefits of informal redistribution may come at a cost, depressing labor supply and productivity.

JEL-codes: H0 J0 O1 O4 O55 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022-09
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-exp, nep-lab, nep-ltv, nep-pbe and nep-pub
Note: DEV LS PE PR
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Working Paper: The Social Tax: Redistributive Pressure and Labor Supply (2022)
Working Paper: The Social Tax: Redistributive Pressure and Labor Supply (2022)
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