Police Discretion and Public Safety

Felipe M. Gonçalves and Steven Mello

No 31678, NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc

Abstract: We study the implications of police discretion for public safety. Highway patrol officers exercise discretion over fines by deviating from statutory fine rules. Relying on variation across officers in this discretionary behavior, we find that harsher sanctions reduce future traffic offending and crash involvement. We then show that officer discretion over sanctions decreases public safety by comparing observed reoffending rates with those in a counterfactual without discretion, estimated using an identification at infinity approach. About half the safety cost of discretion is due to officer decisions which result in harsh sanctions for motorists who are least deterred by them. We provide evidence that this officer behavior is attributable to a preference for allocating harsh fines to motorists with higher recidivism risk, who are also the least responsive to harsher sanctions.

JEL-codes: D73 J45 K42 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023-09
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-law, nep-lma and nep-ure
Note: LE LS PE POL
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

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