Details about Mark A. Carlson

Homepage:	http://www.federalreserve.gov/econresdata/mark-a-carlson.htm
Workplace:	Federal Reserve Board (Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System), (more information at EDIRC)

Access statistics for papers by Mark A. Carlson.

Last updated 2024-03-06. Update your information in the RePEc Author Service.

Short-id: pca881

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Working Papers

2025

1. Central bank liquidity facilities around the world
   FEDS Notes, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.)
2. Discount window borrowing and the role of reserves and interest rates
   Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.)

2022

3. Considerations regarding the use of the discount window to support economic activity through a funding for lending program
   Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.)
4. Restoring Confidence in Troubled Financial Institutions After a Financial Crisis
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc
   Also in Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) (2022)
   See also Journal Article Restoring confidence in troubled financial institutions after a financial crisis, Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier (2023) (2023)

2021

5. Primary Markets for Short-term Debt and the Stabilizing Effects of the PDCF
   FEDS Notes, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.)
6. The Effect of the PPPLF on PPP Lending by Commercial Banks
   Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (7)
7. Use of the Federal Reserve's repo operations and changes in dealer balance sheets
   FEDS Notes, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (1)

2020

8. A New Daily Federal Funds Rate Series and History of the Federal Funds Market, 1928-1954
   Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (1)
   Also in Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis (2020) View citations (2)
9. Issues in the Use of the Balance Sheet Tool
   Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (1)
10. Liquidity Requirements, Free-Riding, and the Implications for Financial Stability Evidence from the early 1900s
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc
    Also in Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) (2018)
    See also Journal Article Liquidity Requirements, Free‐Riding, and the Implications for Financial Stability Evidence from the Early 1900s, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing (2023) (2023)

2019

11. The Re-emergence of the Federal Reserve Funds Market in the 1950s
    FEDS Notes, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.)

2018

12. Bank Examiners’ Information and Expertise and Their Role in Monitoring and Disciplining Banks Before and During the Panic of 1893
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (1)
    See also Journal Article Bank Examiners’ Information and Expertise and their Role in Monitoring and Disciplining Banks Before and During the Panic of 1893, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing (2022) View citations (1) (2022)
13. Emergency Collateral Upgrades
    Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (1)
14. “Unconventional” Monetary Policy as Conventional Monetary Policy: A Perspective from the U.S. in the 1920s
    Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (1)

2017

15. Matching Banks by Business Model, Geography and Size: A Dataset
    FEDS Notes, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.)
16. Stigma and the Discount Window
    FEDS Notes, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (3)

2016

17. Can a Bank Run Be Stopped? Government Guarantees and the Run on Continental Illinois
    Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.)
    Also in BIS Working Papers, Bank for International Settlements (2016) View citations (3)
18. Did the Founding of the Federal Reserve Affect the Vulnerability of the Interbank System to Congation Risk?
    Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis View citations (1)
    Also in BIS Working Papers, Bank for International Settlements (2016) View citations (4)
    See also Journal Article Did the Founding of the Federal Reserve Affect the Vulnerability of the Interbank System to Contagion Risk?, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing (2018) View citations (20) (2018)
19. Did the Founding of the Federal Reserve Affect the Vulnerability of the Interbank System to Systemic Risk?
    Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (1)
20. Interbank networks in the national banking era: their purpose and their role in the panic of 1893
    BIS Working Papers, Bank for International Settlements View citations (7)
    See also Journal Article Interbank networks in the National Banking Era: Their purpose and their role in the Panic of 1893, Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier (2017) View citations (33) (2017)
21. Near-Money Premiums, Monetary Policy, and the Integration of Money Markets: Lessons from Deregulation
    Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis View citations (1)
    Also in BIS Working Papers, Bank for International Settlements (2016) View citations (1)
    Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) (2016) View citations (1)
    See also Journal Article Near-money premiums, monetary policy, and the integration of money markets: Lessons from deregulation, Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier (2018) View citations (1) (2018)
22. The Tools and Transmission of Federal Reserve Monetary Policy in the 1920s
    FEDS Notes, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (1)

2015

23. Interbank Markets and Banking Crises: New Evidence on the Establishment and Impact of the Federal Reserve
    Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis View citations (2)
    See also Journal Article Interbank Markets and Banking Crises: New Evidence on the Establishment and Impact of the Federal Reserve, American Economic Review, American Economic Association (2016) View citations (14) (2016)
24. Why Do We Need Both Liquidity Regulations and a Lender of Last Resort? A Perspective from Federal Reserve Lending during the 2007-09 U.S. Financial Crisis
    Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (9)
    Also in BIS Working Papers, Bank for International Settlements (2015) View citations (20)

2014

25. Corporate Governance and Risk Management at Unprotected Banks: National Banks in the 1890s
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (10)
    Also in Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) (2014) View citations (4)
    See also Journal Article Corporate governance and risk management at unprotected banks: National banks in the 1890s, Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier (2016) View citations (27) (2016)
26. National Bank Examinations and Operations in the Early 1890s
    Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (3)
27. Navigating Constraints: The Evolution of Federal Reserve Monetary Policy, 1935-59
    Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (6)
    Also in Globalization Institute Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas (2014) View citations (4)
    Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis (2014) View citations (9)
28. The Demand for Short-Term, Safe Assets and Financial Stability: Some Evidence and Implications for Central Bank Policies
    Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (4)
    See also Journal Article The Demand for Short-Term, Safe Assets and Financial Stability: Some Evidence and Implications for Central Bank Policies, International Journal of Central Banking, International Journal of Central Banking (2016) View citations (35) (2016)

2013

29. Lessons from the historical use of reserve requirements in the United States to promote bank liquidity
    Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (2)
    See also Journal Article Lessons from the Historical Use of Reserve Requirements in the United States to Promote Bank Liquidity, International Journal of Central Banking, International Journal of Central Banking (2015) View citations (27) (2015)

2012

30. The lender of last resort: lessons from the Fed’s first 100 years
    Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis View citations (8)
31. Using policy intervention to identify financial stress
    Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (22)
    See also Journal Article USING POLICY INTERVENTION TO IDENTIFY FINANCIAL STRESS, International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (2014) View citations (13) (2014)

2011

32. Capital ratios and bank lending: a matched bank approach
    Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (13)
    See also Journal Article Capital ratios and bank lending: A matched bank approach, Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier (2013) View citations (137) (2013)
33. Credit availability and the collapse of the banking sector in the 1930s
    Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (1)
    See also Journal Article Credit Availability and the Collapse of the Banking Sector in the 1930s, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing (2015) View citations (12) (2015)

2010

34. Arresting Banking Panics: Fed Liquidity Provision and the Forgotten Panic of 1929
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (7)

2009

35. Distress in the financial sector and economic activity
    Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (24)
    Also in Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) (2008) View citations (16)
    See also Journal Article Distress in the Financial Sector and Economic Activity, The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter (2011) View citations (20) (2011)

2008

36. Alternatives for distressed banks and the panics of the Great Depression
    Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (1)
37. Market conditions and hedge fund survival
    Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (1)

2007

38. Branch Banking as a Device for Discipline: Competition and Bank Survivorship During the Great Depression
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (5)
    See also Journal Article Branch Banking as a Device for Discipline: Competition and Bank Survivorship during the Great Depression, Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press (2009) View citations (41) (2009)

2006

39. A brief history of the 1987 stock market crash with a discussion of the Federal Reserve response
    Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (17)

2005

40. Branch Banking, Bank Competition, and Financial Stability
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (10)
    Also in Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) (2005) View citations (4)
    See also Journal Article Branch Banking, Bank Competition, and Financial Stability, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing (2006) View citations (37) (2006)
41. Courage to Capital? A Model of the Effects of Rating Agencies on Sovereign Debt Role-over
    Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University View citations (13)

2002

42. Causes of bank suspensions in the panic of 1893
    Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (4)
    See also Journal Article Causes of bank suspensions in the panic of 1893, Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier (2005) View citations (25) (2005)
43. Determinants and repercussions of the composition of capital inflows
    International Finance Discussion Papers, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (34)

2001

44. Are branch banks better survivors? Evidence from the Depression era
    Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (5)
    See also Journal Article Are Branch Banks Better Survivors? Evidence from the Depression Era, Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International (2004) View citations (36) (2004)

Journal Articles

2023

1. Liquidity Requirements, Free‐Riding, and the Implications for Financial Stability Evidence from the Early 1900s
   Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 2023, 55, (1), 323-341
   See also Working Paper Liquidity Requirements, Free-Riding, and the Implications for Financial Stability Evidence from the early 1900s, NBER Working Papers (2020) (2020)
2. Restoring confidence in troubled financial institutions after a financial crisis
   Journal of Financial Intermediation, 2023, 53, (C)
   See also Working Paper Restoring Confidence in Troubled Financial Institutions After a Financial Crisis, NBER Working Papers (2022) (2022)
3. The effect of the Federal Reserve’s lending facility on PPP lending by commercial banks
   Journal of Financial Intermediation, 2023, 55, (C) View citations (2)

2022

4. Bank Examiners’ Information and Expertise and their Role in Monitoring and Disciplining Banks Before and During the Panic of 1893
   Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 2022, 54, (2-3), 381-423 View citations (1)
   See also Working Paper Bank Examiners’ Information and Expertise and Their Role in Monitoring and Disciplining Banks Before and During the Panic of 1893, NBER Working Papers (2018) View citations (1) (2018)
5. The Effects of Banking Competition on Growth and Financial Stability: Evidence from the National Banking Era
   Journal of Political Economy, 2022, 130, (2), 462 - 520 View citations (23)

2021

6. "Unconventional" Monetary Policy as Conventional Monetary Policy: A Perspective from the United States in the 1920s
   International Journal of Central Banking, 2021, 17, (2), 207-253
7. A New Daily Federal Funds Rate Series and History of the Federal Funds Market, 1928-54
   Review, 2021, 103, (1), 45-70

2020

8. Emergency loans and collateral upgrades: How broker-dealers used Federal Reserve credit during the 2008 financial crisis
   Journal of Financial Economics, 2020, 137, (3), 701-722 View citations (9)

2019

9. The incentives of large sophisticated creditors to run on a too big to fail financial institution
   Journal of Financial Stability, 2019, 41, (C), 91-104 View citations (6)

2018

10. Did the Founding of the Federal Reserve Affect the Vulnerability of the Interbank System to Contagion Risk?
    Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 2018, 50, (8), 1711-1750 View citations (20)
    See also Working Paper Did the Founding of the Federal Reserve Affect the Vulnerability of the Interbank System to Congation Risk?, Working Papers (2016) View citations (1) (2016)
11. Furnishing an “Elastic Currency”: The Founding of the Fed and the Liquidity of the U.S. Banking System
    Review, 2018, 100, (1), 17-44
12. Near-money premiums, monetary policy, and the integration of money markets: Lessons from deregulation
    Journal of Financial Intermediation, 2018, 33, (C), 16-32 View citations (1)
    See also Working Paper Near-Money Premiums, Monetary Policy, and the Integration of Money Markets: Lessons from Deregulation, Working Papers (2016) View citations (1) (2016)

2017

13. Interbank networks in the National Banking Era: Their purpose and their role in the Panic of 1893
    Journal of Financial Economics, 2017, 125, (3), 434-453 View citations (33)
    See also Working Paper Interbank networks in the national banking era: their purpose and their role in the panic of 1893, BIS Working Papers (2016) View citations (7) (2016)

2016

14. Corporate governance and risk management at unprotected banks: National banks in the 1890s
    Journal of Financial Economics, 2016, 119, (3), 512-532 View citations (27)
    See also Working Paper Corporate Governance and Risk Management at Unprotected Banks: National Banks in the 1890s, NBER Working Papers (2014) View citations (10) (2014)
15. Interbank Markets and Banking Crises: New Evidence on the Establishment and Impact of the Federal Reserve
    American Economic Review, 2016, 106, (5), 533-37 View citations (14)
    See also Working Paper Interbank Markets and Banking Crises: New Evidence on the Establishment and Impact of the Federal Reserve, Working Papers (2015) View citations (2) (2015)
16. The Demand for Short-Term, Safe Assets and Financial Stability: Some Evidence and Implications for Central Bank Policies
    International Journal of Central Banking, 2016, 12, (4), 307-333 View citations (35)
    See also Working Paper The Demand for Short-Term, Safe Assets and Financial Stability: Some Evidence and Implications for Central Bank Policies, Finance and Economics Discussion Series (2014) View citations (4) (2014)

2015

17. Credit Availability and the Collapse of the Banking Sector in the 1930s
    Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 2015, 47, (7), 1239-1271 View citations (12)
    See also Working Paper Credit availability and the collapse of the banking sector in the 1930s, Finance and Economics Discussion Series (2011) View citations (1) (2011)
18. Lessons from the Historical Use of Reserve Requirements in the United States to Promote Bank Liquidity
    International Journal of Central Banking, 2015, 11, (1), 191-224 View citations (27)
    See also Working Paper Lessons from the historical use of reserve requirements in the United States to promote bank liquidity, Finance and Economics Discussion Series (2013) View citations (2) (2013)

2014

19. USING POLICY INTERVENTION TO IDENTIFY FINANCIAL STRESS
    International Journal of Finance & Economics, 2014, 19, (1), 59-72 View citations (13)
    See also Working Paper Using policy intervention to identify financial stress, Finance and Economics Discussion Series (2012) View citations (22) (2012)

2013

20. Capital ratios and bank lending: A matched bank approach
    Journal of Financial Intermediation, 2013, 22, (4), 663-687 View citations (137)
    See also Working Paper Capital ratios and bank lending: a matched bank approach, Finance and Economics Discussion Series (2011) View citations (13) (2011)
21. The Fed's First (and Lasting) Job: Lender of Last Resorts
    Forefront, 2013, (Spring), 5-8

2012

22. The financial crisis and Federal Reserve policy – By Lloyd B. Thomas
    Economic History Review, 2012, 65, (3), 1199-1201

2011

23. Arresting Banking Panics: Federal Reserve Liquidity Provision and the Forgotten Panic of 1929
    Journal of Political Economy, 2011, 119, (5), 889 - 924 View citations (46)
24. Distress in the Financial Sector and Economic Activity
    The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, 2011, 11, (1), 31 View citations (20)
    See also Working Paper Distress in the financial sector and economic activity, Finance and Economics Discussion Series (2009) View citations (24) (2009)

2010

25. Alternatives for Distressed Banks during the Great Depression
    Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 2010, 42, (2-3), 421-441 View citations (7)
    Also in Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 2010, 42, (2‐3), 421-441 (2010) View citations (3)

2009

26. Branch Banking as a Device for Discipline: Competition and Bank Survivorship during the Great Depression
    Journal of Political Economy, 2009, 117, (2), 165-210 View citations (41)
    See also Working Paper Branch Banking as a Device for Discipline: Competition and Bank Survivorship During the Great Depression, NBER Working Papers (2007) View citations (5) (2007)

2007

27. Profits and balance sheet developments at U.S. commercial banks in 2006
    Federal Reserve Bulletin, 2007, 93, (Jul), a37-a71 View citations (3)

2006

28. Branch Banking, Bank Competition, and Financial Stability
    Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 2006, 38, (5), 1293-1328 View citations (37)
    See also Working Paper Branch Banking, Bank Competition, and Financial Stability, NBER Working Papers (2005) View citations (10) (2005)
29. Rating Agencies and Sovereign Debt Rollover
    The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics, 2006, 6, (2), 32 View citations (14)

2005

30. Causes of bank suspensions in the panic of 1893
    Explorations in Economic History, 2005, 42, (1), 56-80 View citations (25)
    See also Working Paper Causes of bank suspensions in the panic of 1893, Finance and Economics Discussion Series (2002) View citations (4) (2002)

2004

31. Are Branch Banks Better Survivors? Evidence from the Depression Era
    Economic Inquiry, 2004, 42, (1), 111-126 View citations (36)
    See also Working Paper Are branch banks better survivors? Evidence from the Depression era, Finance and Economics Discussion Series (2001) View citations (5) (2001)
32. Profits and balance sheet developments at U.S. commercial banks in 2003
    Federal Reserve Bulletin, 2004, 90, (Spring), 162-191 View citations (2)

2003

33. Profits and balance sheet developments at U.S. commercial banks in 2002
    Federal Reserve Bulletin, 2003, 89, (Jun), 243-270 View citations (2)

2002

34. Profits and balance sheet developments at U.S. commercial banks in 2001
    Federal Reserve Bulletin, 2002, 88, (Jun), 259-288

Books

2025

1. The Young Fed
   (The Young Fed)
   University of Chicago Press Economics Books, University of Chicago Press