Details about Mark A. Carlson
Access statistics for papers by Mark A. Carlson.
Last updated 2025-04-10. Update your information in the RePEc Author Service.
Short-id: pca881
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Working Papers
2025
- Central bank liquidity facilities around the world
FEDS Notes, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) 
- Discount window borrowing and the role of reserves and interest rates
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.)
2022
- Considerations regarding the use of the discount window to support economic activity through a funding for lending program
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.)
- Restoring Confidence in Troubled Financial Institutions After a Financial Crisis
NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc
Also in Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) (2022)
See also Journal Article Restoring confidence in troubled financial institutions after a financial crisis, Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier (2023) (2023)
2021
- Primary Markets for Short-term Debt and the Stabilizing Effects of the PDCF
FEDS Notes, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.)
- The Effect of the PPPLF on PPP Lending by Commercial Banks
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (7)
- Use of the Federal Reserve's repo operations and changes in dealer balance sheets
FEDS Notes, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (1)
2020
- A New Daily Federal Funds Rate Series and History of the Federal Funds Market, 1928-1954
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (1)
Also in Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis (2020) View citations (2)
- Issues in the Use of the Balance Sheet Tool
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (1)
- Liquidity Requirements, Free-Riding, and the Implications for Financial Stability Evidence from the early 1900s
NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc
Also in Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) (2018)
See also Journal Article Liquidity Requirements, Free‐Riding, and the Implications for Financial Stability Evidence from the Early 1900s, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing (2023) (2023)
2019
- The Re-emergence of the Federal Reserve Funds Market in the 1950s
FEDS Notes, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.)
2018
- Bank Examiners’ Information and Expertise and Their Role in Monitoring and Disciplining Banks Before and During the Panic of 1893
NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (1)
See also Journal Article Bank Examiners’ Information and Expertise and their Role in Monitoring and Disciplining Banks Before and During the Panic of 1893, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing (2022) View citations (1) (2022)
- Emergency Collateral Upgrades
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (1)
- “Unconventional” Monetary Policy as Conventional Monetary Policy: A Perspective from the U.S. in the 1920s
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (1)
2017
- Matching Banks by Business Model, Geography and Size: A Dataset
FEDS Notes, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.)
- Stigma and the Discount Window
FEDS Notes, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (3)
2016
- Can a Bank Run Be Stopped? Government Guarantees and the Run on Continental Illinois
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.)
Also in BIS Working Papers, Bank for International Settlements (2016) View citations (3)
- Did the Founding of the Federal Reserve Affect the Vulnerability of the Interbank System to Congation Risk?
Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis View citations (1)
Also in BIS Working Papers, Bank for International Settlements (2016) View citations (4)
See also Journal Article Did the Founding of the Federal Reserve Affect the Vulnerability of the Interbank System to Contagion Risk?, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing (2018) View citations (20) (2018)
- Did the Founding of the Federal Reserve Affect the Vulnerability of the Interbank System to Systemic Risk?
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (1)
- Interbank networks in the national banking era: their purpose and their role in the panic of 1893
BIS Working Papers, Bank for International Settlements View citations (7)
See also Journal Article Interbank networks in the National Banking Era: Their purpose and their role in the Panic of 1893, Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier (2017) View citations (33) (2017)
- Near-Money Premiums, Monetary Policy, and the Integration of Money Markets: Lessons from Deregulation
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (1)
Also in BIS Working Papers, Bank for International Settlements (2016) View citations (1)
Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis (2016) View citations (1)
See also Journal Article Near-money premiums, monetary policy, and the integration of money markets: Lessons from deregulation, Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier (2018) View citations (1) (2018)
- The Tools and Transmission of Federal Reserve Monetary Policy in the 1920s
FEDS Notes, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (1)
2015
- Interbank Markets and Banking Crises: New Evidence on the Establishment and Impact of the Federal Reserve
Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis View citations (2)
See also Journal Article Interbank Markets and Banking Crises: New Evidence on the Establishment and Impact of the Federal Reserve, American Economic Review, American Economic Association (2016) View citations (14) (2016)
- Why Do We Need Both Liquidity Regulations and a Lender of Last Resort? A Perspective from Federal Reserve Lending during the 2007-09 U.S. Financial Crisis
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (9)
Also in BIS Working Papers, Bank for International Settlements (2015) View citations (20)
2014
- Corporate Governance and Risk Management at Unprotected Banks: National Banks in the 1890s
NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (10)
Also in Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) (2014) View citations (4)
See also Journal Article Corporate governance and risk management at unprotected banks: National banks in the 1890s, Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier (2016) View citations (27) (2016)
- National Bank Examinations and Operations in the Early 1890s
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (3)
- Navigating Constraints: The Evolution of Federal Reserve Monetary Policy, 1935-59
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (6)
Also in Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis (2014) View citations (9)
Globalization Institute Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas (2014) View citations (4)
- The Demand for Short-Term, Safe Assets and Financial Stability: Some Evidence and Implications for Central Bank Policies
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (4)
See also Journal Article The Demand for Short-Term, Safe Assets and Financial Stability: Some Evidence and Implications for Central Bank Policies, International Journal of Central Banking, International Journal of Central Banking (2016) View citations (35) (2016)
2013
- Lessons from the historical use of reserve requirements in the United States to promote bank liquidity
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (2)
See also Journal Article Lessons from the Historical Use of Reserve Requirements in the United States to Promote Bank Liquidity, International Journal of Central Banking, International Journal of Central Banking (2015) View citations (27) (2015)
2012
- The lender of last resort: lessons from the Fed’s first 100 years
Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis View citations (8)
- Using policy intervention to identify financial stress
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (22)
See also Journal Article USING POLICY INTERVENTION TO IDENTIFY FINANCIAL STRESS, International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (2014) View citations (13) (2014)
2011
- Capital ratios and bank lending: a matched bank approach
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (13)
See also Journal Article Capital ratios and bank lending: A matched bank approach, Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier (2013) View citations (138) (2013)
- Credit availability and the collapse of the banking sector in the 1930s
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (1)
See also Journal Article Credit Availability and the Collapse of the Banking Sector in the 1930s, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing (2015) View citations (12) (2015)
2010
- Arresting Banking Panics: Fed Liquidity Provision and the Forgotten Panic of 1929
NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (7)
2009
- Distress in the financial sector and economic activity
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (24)
Also in Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) (2008) View citations (16)
See also Journal Article Distress in the Financial Sector and Economic Activity, The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter (2011) View citations (20) (2011)
2008
- Alternatives for distressed banks and the panics of the Great Depression
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (1)
- Market conditions and hedge fund survival
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (1)
2007
- Branch Banking as a Device for Discipline: Competition and Bank Survivorship During the Great Depression
NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (5)
See also Journal Article Branch Banking as a Device for Discipline: Competition and Bank Survivorship during the Great Depression, Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press (2009) View citations (41) (2009)
2006
- A brief history of the 1987 stock market crash with a discussion of the Federal Reserve response
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (17)
2005
- Branch Banking, Bank Competition, and Financial Stability
NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (10)
Also in Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) (2005) View citations (4)
See also Journal Article Branch Banking, Bank Competition, and Financial Stability, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing (2006) View citations (37) (2006)
- Courage to Capital? A Model of the Effects of Rating Agencies on Sovereign Debt Role-over
Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University View citations (13)
2002
- Causes of bank suspensions in the panic of 1893
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (4)
See also Journal Article Causes of bank suspensions in the panic of 1893, Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier (2005) View citations (25) (2005)
- Determinants and repercussions of the composition of capital inflows
International Finance Discussion Papers, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (34)
2001
- Are branch banks better survivors? Evidence from the Depression era
Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) View citations (5)
See also Journal Article Are Branch Banks Better Survivors? Evidence from the Depression Era, Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International (2004) View citations (36) (2004)
Journal Articles
2023
- Liquidity Requirements, Free‐Riding, and the Implications for Financial Stability Evidence from the Early 1900s
Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 2023, 55, (1), 323-341
See also Working Paper Liquidity Requirements, Free-Riding, and the Implications for Financial Stability Evidence from the early 1900s, NBER Working Papers (2020) (2020)
- Restoring confidence in troubled financial institutions after a financial crisis
Journal of Financial Intermediation, 2023, 53, (C)
See also Working Paper Restoring Confidence in Troubled Financial Institutions After a Financial Crisis, NBER Working Papers (2022) (2022)
- The effect of the Federal Reserve’s lending facility on PPP lending by commercial banks
Journal of Financial Intermediation, 2023, 55, (C) View citations (2)
2022
- Bank Examiners’ Information and Expertise and their Role in Monitoring and Disciplining Banks Before and During the Panic of 1893
Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 2022, 54, (2-3), 381-423 View citations (1)
See also Working Paper Bank Examiners’ Information and Expertise and Their Role in Monitoring and Disciplining Banks Before and During the Panic of 1893, NBER Working Papers (2018) View citations (1) (2018)
- The Effects of Banking Competition on Growth and Financial Stability: Evidence from the National Banking Era
Journal of Political Economy, 2022, 130, (2), 462 - 520 View citations (23)
2021
- "Unconventional" Monetary Policy as Conventional Monetary Policy: A Perspective from the United States in the 1920s
International Journal of Central Banking, 2021, 17, (2), 207-253
- A New Daily Federal Funds Rate Series and History of the Federal Funds Market, 1928-54
Review, 2021, 103, (1), 45-70
2020
- Emergency loans and collateral upgrades: How broker-dealers used Federal Reserve credit during the 2008 financial crisis
Journal of Financial Economics, 2020, 137, (3), 701-722 View citations (9)
2019
- The incentives of large sophisticated creditors to run on a too big to fail financial institution
Journal of Financial Stability, 2019, 41, (C), 91-104 View citations (7)
2018
- Did the Founding of the Federal Reserve Affect the Vulnerability of the Interbank System to Contagion Risk?
Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 2018, 50, (8), 1711-1750 View citations (20)
See also Working Paper Did the Founding of the Federal Reserve Affect the Vulnerability of the Interbank System to Congation Risk?, Working Papers (2016) View citations (1) (2016)
- Furnishing an “Elastic Currency”: The Founding of the Fed and the Liquidity of the U.S. Banking System
Review, 2018, 100, (1), 17-44
- Near-money premiums, monetary policy, and the integration of money markets: Lessons from deregulation
Journal of Financial Intermediation, 2018, 33, (C), 16-32 View citations (1)
See also Working Paper Near-Money Premiums, Monetary Policy, and the Integration of Money Markets: Lessons from Deregulation, Finance and Economics Discussion Series (2016) View citations (1) (2016)
2017
- Interbank networks in the National Banking Era: Their purpose and their role in the Panic of 1893
Journal of Financial Economics, 2017, 125, (3), 434-453 View citations (33)
See also Working Paper Interbank networks in the national banking era: their purpose and their role in the panic of 1893, BIS Working Papers (2016) View citations (7) (2016)
2016
- Corporate governance and risk management at unprotected banks: National banks in the 1890s
Journal of Financial Economics, 2016, 119, (3), 512-532 View citations (27)
See also Working Paper Corporate Governance and Risk Management at Unprotected Banks: National Banks in the 1890s, NBER Working Papers (2014) View citations (10) (2014)
- Interbank Markets and Banking Crises: New Evidence on the Establishment and Impact of the Federal Reserve
American Economic Review, 2016, 106, (5), 533-37 View citations (14)
See also Working Paper Interbank Markets and Banking Crises: New Evidence on the Establishment and Impact of the Federal Reserve, Working Papers (2015) View citations (2) (2015)
- The Demand for Short-Term, Safe Assets and Financial Stability: Some Evidence and Implications for Central Bank Policies
International Journal of Central Banking, 2016, 12, (4), 307-333 View citations (35)
See also Working Paper The Demand for Short-Term, Safe Assets and Financial Stability: Some Evidence and Implications for Central Bank Policies, Finance and Economics Discussion Series (2014) View citations (4) (2014)
2015
- Credit Availability and the Collapse of the Banking Sector in the 1930s
Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 2015, 47, (7), 1239-1271 View citations (12)
See also Working Paper Credit availability and the collapse of the banking sector in the 1930s, Finance and Economics Discussion Series (2011) View citations (1) (2011)
- Lessons from the Historical Use of Reserve Requirements in the United States to Promote Bank Liquidity
International Journal of Central Banking, 2015, 11, (1), 191-224 View citations (27)
See also Working Paper Lessons from the historical use of reserve requirements in the United States to promote bank liquidity, Finance and Economics Discussion Series (2013) View citations (2) (2013)
2014
- USING POLICY INTERVENTION TO IDENTIFY FINANCIAL STRESS
International Journal of Finance & Economics, 2014, 19, (1), 59-72 View citations (13)
See also Working Paper Using policy intervention to identify financial stress, Finance and Economics Discussion Series (2012) View citations (22) (2012)
2013
- Capital ratios and bank lending: A matched bank approach
Journal of Financial Intermediation, 2013, 22, (4), 663-687 View citations (138)
See also Working Paper Capital ratios and bank lending: a matched bank approach, Finance and Economics Discussion Series (2011) View citations (13) (2011)
- The Fed's First (and Lasting) Job: Lender of Last Resorts
Forefront, 2013, (Spring), 5-8
2012
- The financial crisis and Federal Reserve policy – By Lloyd B. Thomas
Economic History Review, 2012, 65, (3), 1199-1201
2011
- Arresting Banking Panics: Federal Reserve Liquidity Provision and the Forgotten Panic of 1929
Journal of Political Economy, 2011, 119, (5), 889 - 924 View citations (46)
- Distress in the Financial Sector and Economic Activity
The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, 2011, 11, (1), 31 View citations (20)
See also Working Paper Distress in the financial sector and economic activity, Finance and Economics Discussion Series (2009) View citations (24) (2009)
2010
- Alternatives for Distressed Banks during the Great Depression
Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 2010, 42, (2‐3), 421-441 View citations (3)
Also in Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 2010, 42, (2-3), 421-441 (2010) View citations (7)
2009
- Branch Banking as a Device for Discipline: Competition and Bank Survivorship during the Great Depression
Journal of Political Economy, 2009, 117, (2), 165-210 View citations (41)
See also Working Paper Branch Banking as a Device for Discipline: Competition and Bank Survivorship During the Great Depression, NBER Working Papers (2007) View citations (5) (2007)
2007
- Profits and balance sheet developments at U.S. commercial banks in 2006
Federal Reserve Bulletin, 2007, 93, (Jul), a37-a71 View citations (3)
2006
- Branch Banking, Bank Competition, and Financial Stability
Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 2006, 38, (5), 1293-1328 View citations (37)
See also Working Paper Branch Banking, Bank Competition, and Financial Stability, NBER Working Papers (2005) View citations (10) (2005)
- Rating Agencies and Sovereign Debt Rollover
The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics, 2006, 6, (2), 32 View citations (14)
2005
- Causes of bank suspensions in the panic of 1893
Explorations in Economic History, 2005, 42, (1), 56-80 View citations (25)
See also Working Paper Causes of bank suspensions in the panic of 1893, Finance and Economics Discussion Series (2002) View citations (4) (2002)
2004
- Are Branch Banks Better Survivors? Evidence from the Depression Era
Economic Inquiry, 2004, 42, (1), 111-126 View citations (36)
See also Working Paper Are branch banks better survivors? Evidence from the Depression era, Finance and Economics Discussion Series (2001) View citations (5) (2001)
- Profits and balance sheet developments at U.S. commercial banks in 2003
Federal Reserve Bulletin, 2004, 90, (Spring), 162-191 View citations (2)
2003
- Profits and balance sheet developments at U.S. commercial banks in 2002
Federal Reserve Bulletin, 2003, 89, (Jun), 243-270 View citations (2)
2002
- Profits and balance sheet developments at U.S. commercial banks in 2001
Federal Reserve Bulletin, 2002, 88, (Jun), 259-288
Books
2025
- The Young Fed
(The Young Fed)
University of Chicago Press Economics Books, University of Chicago Press
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