Dietary supplements and physical exercise affecting bone and body composition in frail elderly persons

N. De Jong, M.J.M. Chin A Paw, L.C.P.G.M. De Groot, G.J. Hiddink and W.A. Van Staveren

American Journal of Public Health, 2000, vol. 90, issue 6, 947-954

Abstract: Objectives. This study determined the effect of enriched foods and all- around physical exercise on bone and body composition in frail elderly persons. Methods: A 17-week randomized, controlled intervention trial, following a 2x2 factorial design - (1) enriched foods, (2) exercise; (3) both, or (4) neither - was performed in 143 frail elderly persons (aged 78.6±5.6 years). Foods were enriched with multiple micronutrients; exercises focused on skill training, including strength, endurance, coordination, and flexibility. Main outcome parameters were bone and body composition. Results. Exercise preserved lean mass (mean difference between exercisers and nonexercisers: 0.5 kg ± 1.2 kg; P<.02). Groups receiving enriched food had slightly increased bone mineral density (+0.4%), bone mass (+0.6%), and bone calcium (+0.6%) compared with groups receiving nonenriched foods, in whom small decreases of 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4%, respectively, were found. These groups differed in bone mineral density (0.006±0.020 g/cm2; P=.08), total bone mass (19±g; P=.04), and bone calcium (8±21 g; P=.03). Conclusions. Foods containing a physiologic dose of micronutrients slightly increased bone density, mass, and calcium, whereas moderately intense exercise preserved lean body mass in frail elderly persons.

Date: 2000
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:2000:90:6:947-954_6

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