Evaluation of Shell-Derived Calcium Oxide Catalysts for the Production of Biodiesel Esters from Cooking Oils

Ngee Sing Chong, Francis Uchenna Okejiri, Saidi Abdulramoni, Shruthi Perna and Beng Guat Ooi
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Ngee Sing Chong: Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37132, USA
Francis Uchenna Okejiri: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee 37916, USA
Saidi Abdulramoni: Catalent Biologics, 1300 S Patterson Drive, Bloomington, Indiana 47403, USA
Shruthi Perna: Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37132, USA
Beng Guat Ooi: Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37132, USA

Academic Journal of Chemistry, 2021, vol. 6, issue 1, 20-27

Abstract: Due to the high cost of feedstock and catalyst in biodiesel production, the viability of the biodiesel industry has been dependent on government subsidies or tax incentives. In order to reduce the cost of production, food wastes including eggshells and oyster shells have been used to prepare calcium oxide (CaO) catalysts for the transesterification reaction of biodiesel synthesis. The shells were calcined at 1000 °C for 4 hours to obtain CaO powders which were investigated as catalysts for the transesterification of waste cooking oil. The catalysts were characterized by Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy. Reaction parameters such as methanol-to-oil molar ratio, CaO catalyst concentration, and reaction time were evaluated and optimized for the percentage conversion of cooking oil to biodiesel esters. The oyster-based CaO showed better catalytic activity when compared to the eggshell-based CaO under the same set of reaction conditions.

Date: 2021
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:arp:ajcarp:2021:p:20-27

DOI: 10.32861/ajc.61.20.27

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