Green Subsidies and Local Transitions: Evidence from Energy Communities

Akcan Balkir

Papers from arXiv.org

Abstract: This paper studies the effectiveness and incidence of the renewable energy Production Tax Credit (PTC) and Investment Tax Credit (ITC). I leverage new geographical variation in the 2023 PTC and ITC to test whether renewable energy credits had real economic impacts. Communities with greater tax credits accumulated 32% more renewable energy capital and produced 28% more renewable energy compared to similar counties. These renewable investments had local economic spillovers, increasing county level construction wages by 7%. However, local increases in investment and wages from renewable projects did not improve political support for renewable energy, but rather increased opposition to congressional action on climate change by 2%.

Date: 2026-04
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