Mapping Japan's Manufacturing Supply Chains Through Firm-to-Firm Transaction Data

Ko Adachi, Kosuke Aoki, Yoshiyuki Kurachi, Taiki Ono and Akitoshi Toyoda
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Ko Adachi: Bank of Japan
Kosuke Aoki: Graduate School of Economics, University of Tokyo
Taiki Ono: Bank of Japan
Akitoshi Toyoda: Bank of Japan

No 26-E-13, Bank of Japan Working Paper Series from Bank of Japan

Abstract: This study employs firm-to-firm transaction data to identify the multilayered and extensive supply chain structures in Japan's manufacturing sector and quantitatively analyze the characteristics of these supply chain structures. It also investigates the impacts of firm-level shocks, arising from both the supply and demand sides, on the overall manufacturing sector. The analysis reveals that automobile supply chains are exceptionally long and large-scale, with firms at the center of these chains exerting a larger influence on individual suppliers' production activities than in other industries. Furthermore, the findings indicate that supply constraints in products identified as potential bottlenecks can significantly dampen macroeconomic production. The results also highlight that holding inventory can serve as an effective measure to mitigate these impacts to a certain extent.

Keywords: Supply Chain; Firm-to-Firm Transaction Data; Network Centrality; Supply Constraints (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C67 L14 L16 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026-08-12
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