Political Trenches: War, Partisanship, and Polarization

Pauline Grosjean, Saumitra Jha, Michael Vlassopoulos and Yves Zenou

No 18721, CEPR Discussion Papers from Centre for Economic Policy Research

Abstract: We show how local segregation and exposure to partisans affect political behavior and polarization, contributing to critical ideological realignment. We exploit large-scale, exogenous, and high-stakes peer assignment due to the universal conscription of soldiers from each of 34,947 French municipalities into infantry regiments during WWI. Soldiers from poor, rural municipalities---where the novel redistributive message of the left had yet to penetrate---vote more for the left after the war when exposed to left-wing partisans within their regiment, while neighboring municipalities assigned to right-wing partisans become inoculated against the left. We provide evidence that these differences reflect persuasive information by trusted peers and officers, combined with material incentives, rather than pure conformity. They further induce sharp and enduring post-war discontinuities across regimental catchment boundaries, reflected not only in divergent voting patterns but also in violent civil conflict between Collaborators and the Resistance during WWII.

Keywords: Polarization; Conflict; Voting behavior; Peer effects; France; World war i (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: D74 L14 N44 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023-12
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Working Paper: Political Trenches: War, Partisanship, and Polarization (2023)
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