Effective Tax Rates, Firm Size and the Global Minimum Tax
Pierre Bachas,
Anne Brockmeyer,
Roel Dom and
Camille Semelet
No 20609, CEPR Discussion Papers from Centre for Economic Policy Research
Abstract:
We document new facts on corporate taxation and the revenue potential of corporate minimum taxes, leveraging firm-level tax returns from 16 countries. First, effective tax rates (ETRs) follow a hump-shaped pattern with firm size: small firms benefit from reduced rates, while large firms take up tax incentives, leaving mid-sized firms with the highest ETRs. On average, the ETR for the largest 1% of firms is 2.2 percentage points lower than the average ETR for top decile firms. Second, although statutory tax rates are above 15% in all sample countries, over a quarter of top firms face an ETR below 15%, challenging the simple tax haven vs non-haven dichotomy. Third, a simple 15% domestic minimum tax for the top 1% firms could raise corporate taxes by 14% on average across countries, absent behavioral responses. In contrast, the global minimum top-up tax would only raise a quarter of this revenue due to its generous deductions and a smaller number of firms in scope.
Keywords: Firm size; Tax incentives; Global minimum tax; Corporate effective tax rate (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: H25 H87 O23 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025-09
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