Germs in the Family: The Short- and Long-Term Consequences of Intra-Household Disease Spread

Meltem Daysal, Hui Ding, Maya Rossin-Slater and Hannes Schwandt

No 2556, RFBerlin Discussion Paper Series from ROCKWOOL Foundation Berlin (RFBerlin)

Abstract: Preschool-aged children get sick frequently and spread disease to other family members. Despite the universality of this experience, there is limited causal evidence on the magnitudes and consequences of these externalities, especially for infant siblings with developing immune systems and brains. We use Danish administrative data to document that, before age one, younger siblings have 2-3 times higher hospitalization rates for respiratory conditions than older siblings. We combine birth order and within-municipality variation in respiratory disease prevalence among young children, and find lasting differential impacts of early-life respiratory disease exposure on younger siblings' earnings, educational attainment, chronic respiratory health and mental health-related outcomes.

Keywords: respiratory illness; childhood sickness; externalities; long-term human capital impacts (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I1 J24 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025-08
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Related works:
Working Paper: Germs in the Family: The Short- and Long-Term Consequences of Intra-Household Disease Spread (2025)
Working Paper: Germs in the Family: The Short- and Long-Term Consequences of Intra-Household Disease Spread (2025)
Working Paper: Germs in the Family: The Short- and Long-Term Consequences of Intra-Household Disease Spread (2021)
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