Bilateral invoicing currency ratios: A methodology to calculate them from unilateral invoicing currency ratios

Yushi Yoshida and Fabien Rondeau

Economics Letters, 2025, vol. 247, issue C

Abstract: We suggest obtaining bilateral invoicing ratios by reverse-engineering the unilateral invoicing ratios. We describe the methodology for conducting this extraction algorithm: pre-multiplying the Moore–Penrose pseudoinverse of the bilateral trading partners’ weights matrix to the unilateral invoicing vector.

Keywords: Invoicing currency; Invoicing ratio datasets; Moore–Penrose (pseudoinverse) (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: F14 F31 F36 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Working Paper: Bilateral invoicing currency ratios: A methodology to calculate them from unilateral invoicing currency ratios (2025)
Working Paper: Bilateral Invoicing Currency Ratios: A methodology to calculate them from unilateral invoicing currency ratios (2024)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:ecolet:v:247:y:2025:i:c:s0165176524006001

DOI: 10.1016/j.econlet.2024.112116

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