A robust residual-based test for structural changes in factor models

Bin Peng, Liangjun Su () and Yayi Yan

Journal of Econometrics, 2025, vol. 251, issue C

Abstract: In this paper, we propose an easy-to-implement residual-based specification testing procedure for detecting structural changes in factor models, which is powerful against both smooth and abrupt structural changes with unknown break dates. The proposed test is robust to the over-specified number of factors, and serially and cross-sectionally correlated error processes. A new central limit theorem is given for the quadratic forms of panel data with dependence over both dimensions, thereby filling a gap in the literature. We establish the asymptotic properties of the proposed test statistic, and accordingly develop a simulation-based scheme to select critical value in order to improve finite sample performance. Through extensive simulations and a real-world application, we confirm our theoretical results and demonstrate that the proposed test exhibits desirable size and power in practice.

Keywords: Factor model; Structural change; Residual-based test; Serial correlation; Cross-sectional dependence (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C14 C23 C33 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Related works:
Working Paper: A Robust Residual-Based Test for Structural Changes in Factor Models (2025)
Working Paper: A Robust Residual-Based Test for Structural Changes in Factor Models (2024)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:econom:v:251:y:2025:i:c:s030440762500096x

DOI: 10.1016/j.jeconom.2025.106042

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