Integrated cooling system with multiple operating modes for temperature control of energy storage containers: Experimental insights into energy saving potential

Ningbo Wang, Zuyuan Wei, Bo Tian, Fei Wang and Shuangquan Shao

Energy, 2025, vol. 321, issue C

Abstract: Aiming at the problem of insufficient energy saving potential of the existing energy storage liquid cooled air conditioning system, this paper integrates vapor compression refrigeration technology, vapor pump heat pipe technology and heat pump technology into the field of energy storage temperature control, and carries out an experimental study on the 5 MWh energy storage battery container with reference to the typical battery charging and discharging model. The results show that the optimum operating temperature range for lithium batteries is 15∼35 °C. In winter, low condensing temperature heat pump technology is used to replace traditional PTC electric heating, which has good energy saving benefits. The proposed temperature control system on a 5 MWh energy storage container can achieve a 5 %–25 % increase in the annual cooling coefficient of performance (ACCOP). The heat pump technology with low condensing temperature can increase the energy efficiency ratio (EER) of heating from 0.9 for electric heating to a maximum of 4.8. Under the mode of charging and discharging twice one day, compared with the 6 % average energy consumption of conventional vapor conditioning in Beijing, the average energy consumption of the proposed container energy storage temperature control system is reduced to 3.5 %. In Shanghai, the average energy consumption of the proposed container energy storage temperature control system is about 3.3 %, while the average energy consumption of conventional air conditioning is about 4.8 %, which has a good energy saving advantage. The proposed energy storage container temperature control system provides new insights into energy saving and emission reduction in the field of energy storage.

Keywords: Energy storage; Vapor pump; Heat pump; Temperature control; Energy saving; ACCOP (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:energy:v:321:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225011429

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.135500

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