A comparative study and performance evaluation of rearranged TCT PV arrangement under shading conditions

Anurag Singh Yadav, Ajay Kumar Maurya, Himanshu Shekhar and V. Mukherjee

Energy, 2025, vol. 325, issue C

Abstract: Shading impacts photovoltaic (PV) array performance significantly by inducing mismatch losses (MLs), power losses, reduced execution ratios, and lower fill factors (FFs) ultimately degrading energy yield. This study presents a detailed comparative analysis of four different PV arrangements viz., total cross tied (TCT), SuDoKu (SDK), ShapeDoKu (SPDK), and Star-Battle (SB) under diverse shading conditions. A 5 × 5 based simulation results of PV arrays are validated with a 4 × 4 hardware prototype to assess the effectiveness of each configuration in mitigating shading losses. The obtained results indicate that the SB configuration consistently outperforms the other topologies achieving the lowest MLs (8.1 %) and the highest power output improvement (28.2 % over TCT). SDK and SPDK exhibit significant improvements over TCT demonstrating their abilities to mitigate power losses while maintaining stable energy yield across various shadings. Moreover, the efficiency gains with SB (90.8 %) and significantly outperforming TCT (78.87 %) ensuring more effective power extraction under shading scenarios. Furthermore, the experimental validation with a 4 × 4 hardware setup confirms the simulation findings establishing SB as the most efficient and shading-resilient configuration. These results provide quantifiable benchmarks for shading mitigation and underscore the importance of advanced array configurations while demonstrating the potential of innovative arrangements for enhanced efficiency and sustainability.

Keywords: Constraints; Geometric shapes; Mismatch losses; Power enhancement; PV arrays; Shading conditions (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:energy:v:325:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225016664

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.136024

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