Self-powered water condition monitoring system based on rotational electromagnetic generator

Xu Zhou, Mingqi Mei, Tianyi Tang, Yunfei Li, Zizhao Wang, Yu Zhu, Bin Yan, Hao Lin, Zhen Li and Huicong Liu

Energy, 2025, vol. 326, issue C

Abstract: As a widely available clean energy source in nature, water flow energy provides a research avenue for energy harvesting and environmental monitoring. This work proposes a self-powered water condition monitoring system based on rotational electromagnetic generator (WCM-EMG). The WCM-EMG adopts a fully enclosed design that collects energy by converting water flow into rotational motion, eventually generating electrical output based on electromagnetic induction. Through the optimization of impeller parameters, WCM-EMG can obtain higher electrical output with lower water head loss. At a flow velocity of 1.5 m/s and load resistance of 25 Ω, the WCM-EMG generates a power output of 606 mW and power density of 0.93 mW/cm3 while the head loss is only 2.5 m. For one thing, the WCM-EMG achieves a high-power supply for self-powering of the temperature, pH and turbidity sensors. For another, by processing the frequency of the electrical signal of WCM-EMG, the self-sensing of water flow velocity can be realized in real-time. By harvesting the kinetic energy of fluid flow, this work offers an encouraging solution for developing integrated multi-parameter intelligent sensing system that encompasses energy harvesting, self-sensing and monitoring, enabling passive zero-carbon sensing in the Internet of Things (IoT).

Keywords: Water flow energy harvesting; Self-powering; Self-sensing; Electromagnetic generator; Water condition monitoring (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:energy:v:326:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225017669

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.136124

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