Multi-loop feedback proportional–integral observer for both estimation of state-of-charge and state-of-health

Lin He, Guoqiang Wang, Yujiang Wei, Jiawei Yu, Xiaomin Zhao and Jichao Liu

Energy, 2025, vol. 329, issue C

Abstract: Considering the voltage plateau characteristic of LiFePO4 lithium-ion batteries, a novel current dynamics model is developed to estimate current errors, which serves as a more suitable input for observer-based algorithms compared to traditional voltage errors. In this study, an innovative approach is proposed, where the open circuit voltage update technique is integrated to enhance the accuracy of state estimation. Furthermore, the multi-loop feedback proportional–integral observer is introduced, which simultaneously estimates state-of-charge, state-of-health, voltage characteristics, and battery model parameters through a multi-loop feedback structure. To validate the proposed method, experimental comparisons are conducted between the conventional current-integral method, the extended sliding mode observer, and the proposed multi-loop feedback proportional–integral observer algorithm. The results demonstrate that the mfpio algorithm achieves significantly higher estimation accuracy, making it a promising solution for practical lithium-ion battery management systems.

Keywords: LiFePO4 lithium-ion battery; Current dynamics model; Battery management system; Model parameters estimation; Open circuit voltage (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:energy:v:329:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225020985

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.136456

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