Surface-modified WO2.9/oil nanofluid with self-forming Si-O-Si encapsulation for ultra-stable spectral splitting in solar PV/T systems

Kelong Diao, Tianheng Dong, Moucun Yang, Jingui Lu and Yuezhao Zhu

Energy, 2025, vol. 336, issue C

Abstract: To address the critical challenge of long-term performance degradation of nanofluid in solar PV/T systems, this study innovatively applied modified WO2.9/oil nanofluid with good PT conversion efficiency and suitable spectral absorption characteristics as SBS in spectrally selective PV/T systems to enhance overall system efficiency. The stability in actual applications was verified through a 9-day cyclic irradiation test, which far exceeds traditional short-term evaluations. The results show exceptional stability, with overall efficiency fluctuations below 0.32% and a record daily average MF value of 1.6938. Multimodal characterization reveals a self-protection mechanism: cyclic irradiation may induce the self-condensation products of encapsulated nanoparticles to transform into a more stable Si-O-Si network, which preserves optical properties and thermal conductivity. By optimizing nanofluid concentration (400 ppm) and confirming flow-rate independence, this work provides the first experimental validation of durable nanofluid-based PV/T operation, enabling stable co-generation of electricity (11.2%) and heat (51.4%) for practical applications.

Keywords: WO2.9 nanoparticles; PV/T systems; Solar energy; Spectral beam splitter; Stability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:energy:v:336:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225039611

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.138319

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