Numerical research on baffle-enhanced liquid immersion cooling for thermal regulation in 280 Ah LiFePO4 batteries

Ao Peng, Fei Peng, Yuehao Chen, Qi Peng, Xiaoqin Sun and Jie Li

Energy, 2025, vol. 336, issue C

Abstract: The growing demand for energy storage systems, coupled with the increasing utilization of LiFePO4 batteries, has highlighted the need for effective thermal management solutions. As a thermal regulation strategy, liquid immersion cooling offers a promising approach for managing battery module temperatures. In this study, a flow-based liquid immersion cooling system with the addition of baffles for battery thermal management (BTMS) is proposed. Three different types of baffle configurations are introduced, and the effects of varying inlet velocities and temperatures are investigated. The flow and temperature fields of the three BTMS configurations are analyzed to evaluate their thermal performance. An optimized combination is proposed using an orthogonal array testing, incorporating coolant temperature, flow rate, and baffle configurations. The simulation results reveal that the optimized configuration leads to a 31.57 % reduction in the maximum temperature and a 17.8 % decrease in the maximum temperature difference within the battery module. This study provides valuable insights into temperature regulation strategies for high-energy battery systems.

Keywords: LiFePO4 battery; Immersion cooling; Baffle configuration; Orthogonal design; Temperature distribution (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:energy:v:336:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225041003

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.138458

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