Multi-time scale cooperative operation optimization of virtual power plant and virtual hydrogen plant under stepped carbon trading mechanism

Yida Du, Xiaotong Zhou, Tiantian Xu and Zhongfu Tan

Renewable Energy, 2025, vol. 248, issue C

Abstract: To adapt to the energy development situation and address the two challenges of multi-time scale changes and multi-entity games after the virtual power plant (VPP) coupled with hydrogen energy, this paper innovatively designs a cooperative operation mode between the VPP and the virtual hydrogen plant (VHP). It also constructs a multi-time scale operation optimization and bargaining model of the two, applies the alternating direction method of multipliers to solve the problem, and simulates the case. The following conclusions are obtained: 1) The synergistic operation of VPP and VHP has been demonstrated to yield substantial economic advantages. 2) The symbiotic operation of VPP and VHP has the potential to yield enhanced environmental benefits. 3) The collaborative operation of VPP and VHP exerts a negligible influence on users and does not modify their energy consumption patterns. 4) The ADMM algorithm can facilitate the efficient resolution of two-stage negotiation problems while ensuring the confidentiality of subjects in VPP and VHP. The paper also provides recommendations to VPP and VHP operators, market regulators, and technology developers, as well as identifies future research directions.

Keywords: Virtual power plant; Virtual hydrogen plant; Multi-time scale; Cooperative operation; Nash bargaining; Stepped carbon trading mechanism (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:renene:v:248:y:2025:i:c:s0960148125007669

DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.123104

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