Market Integration in the Ottoman Balkans and the Middle East from the Sixteenth Century Until World War

Pinar Ceylan (), Kıvanç Karaman and Sevket Pamuk ()
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Pinar Ceylan: Ghent University
Sevket Pamuk: Bogazici University

No 1805, Working Papers from Economic Research Forum

Abstract: Using a large body of mostly archival price data, this study examines wheat market integration across the Ottoman Empire and puts it in the context of broader European trends. We find that rates of Ottoman market integration fluctuated without a clear trend during the early modern era followed by greater international integration and geographically uneven domestic integration in the nineteenth century. Overall, Ottoman gains were slower than those in Western Europe in both periods. Our regression analysis points to the role of geography and technological and institutional changes including changes in state capacity as the main forces shaping integration patterns.

Pages: 62
Date: 2025-12-01, Revised 2025-12-01
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