A Simulation of the Use of High Throughput Sequencing as Pre-Screening Assay to Enhance the Surveillance of Citrus Viruses and Viroids in the EPPO Region

Grazia Licciardello, Rosario Ferraro, Giuseppe Scuderi, Marcella Russo and Antonino F. Catara
Additional contact information
Grazia Licciardello: Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e L’analisi dell’Economia Agraria-Centro di Ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura (CREA), C. da Li Rocchi, Via Settimio Severo 83, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
Rosario Ferraro: Agrobiotech Soc. Coop. z.i. Blocco Palma I, Via V. Lancia 57, 95121 Catania, Italy
Giuseppe Scuderi: Agrobiotech Soc. Coop. z.i. Blocco Palma I, Via V. Lancia 57, 95121 Catania, Italy
Marcella Russo: Agrobiotech Soc. Coop. z.i. Blocco Palma I, Via V. Lancia 57, 95121 Catania, Italy
Antonino F. Catara: Formerly, Department of Phytosanitary Science and Technologies, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy

Agriculture, 2021, vol. 11, issue 5, 1-17

Abstract: Citrus are affected by many viruses and viroids, some globally widespread and some restricted to particular countries or areas. In this study, we simulated the use of high throughput sequencing (HTS) and the bioinformatic analysis of small interfering RNAs (siRNA) as a pre-screening method to guide bioindexing and molecular detection to enhance the surveillance survey of some key or emerging citrus viruses, such as non-European citrus tristeza virus isolates (non-EU CTV), citrus tatter leaf virus, citrus leprosis virus, citrus yellow mosaic virus, and citrus bark cracking viroid, present in the EPPO lists, and the citrus yellow vein clearing virus. The HTS’s ability to detect other citrus viroids was also evaluated. The results demonstrate that HTS provides a comprehensive phytosanitary status of citrus samples either in single and multiple infections of viruses and viroids. It also provides effective information on citrus tristeza virus mixed infections despite not being able to identify the non-EU variants of the virus. Bioindexing checks each single virus infection but does not differentiate viroids on the Etrog citron indicator and is time-consuming. Molecular assays are valuable as confirmation tests of viruses and viroids but many pairs of primers are needed for a full screening and new or non-target pathogens remain undetected. In addition, the genomes of two isolates of the citrus yellow vein clearing virus and the citrus tatter leaf virus, detected in a sample from China, are described.

Keywords: citrus tristeza virus; citrus yellow vein clearing virus; citrus tatter leaf virus; non-EU viruses; genotype; genome coverage (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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