Toxicity of Post-Emergent Herbicides on Entomopathogenic Fungi Used in the Management of Corn Leafhopper: In Vitro and In Vivo Assessments

Matheus Rakes (), Maíra Chagas Morais, Maria Eduarda Sperotto, Odimar Zanuzo Zanardi, Daniel Bernardi, Anderson Dionei Grützmacher and Leandro do Prado Ribeiro
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Matheus Rakes: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agronomy Eliseu Maciel, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas 96010-900, RS, Brazil
Maíra Chagas Morais: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agronomy Eliseu Maciel, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas 96010-900, RS, Brazil
Maria Eduarda Sperotto: Faculty of Agronomy, Uceff University (UCEFF), Chapecó 89812-214, SC, Brazil
Odimar Zanuzo Zanardi: Department of Education, Research and Extension, Federal Institute of Santa Catarina (IFSC), São Miguel do Oeste 89900-000, SC, Brazil
Daniel Bernardi: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agronomy Eliseu Maciel, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas 96010-900, RS, Brazil
Anderson Dionei Grützmacher: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agronomy Eliseu Maciel, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas 96010-900, RS, Brazil
Leandro do Prado Ribeiro: Research Center for Family Agriculture, Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Company of Santa Catarina (CEPAF/EPAGRI), Chapecó 89801-970, SC, Brazil

Agriculture, 2024, vol. 14, issue 12, 1-23

Abstract: This is the first study to assess the physicochemical and biological compatibility of herbicides used in corn crops with entomopathogenic fungi used in the management of Dalbulus maidis in Brazil. The biological index was employed to ascertain the in vitro compatibility of the herbicides with pure spores (not formulated) of tested fungal isolates (Esalq-1296 of Cordyceps javanica and IBCB66 and Simbi BB15 of Beauveria bassiana ). The results indicated a significant interaction between herbicides and fungal isolates when colony diameter and colony-forming units (CFU) were considered. Furthermore, changes in physicochemical characteristics were observed in some mixtures of herbicides and mycoinsecticides tested. The number of CFU was significantly reduced as the exposure time increased in the mixtures containing all the herbicides tested. In general, the Esalq-1296 isolate of C. javanica , formulated in a suspension concentrate (Octane ® ), proved to be more sensitive to the herbicides studied. In vivo bioassays demonstrated that, despite the synergistic effect of the binary mixtures of herbicides and mycoinsecticides on D. maidis mortality, the presence of the herbicide in the mixtures prevented the extrusion of entomopathogens from cadavers; therefore, caution is recommended when combining mycoinsecticides and post-emergent herbicides in tank mixtures aiming to manage D. maidis .

Keywords: mycoinsecticides; Beauveria bassiana; Cordyceps javanica; Dalbulus maidis; glyphosate (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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