Identifying Cassava Genotypes Resistant to the African Cassava Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)

Jackie Atim (), Andrew Kalyebi, Adriana Bohorquez-Chaux, Luis Augusto Becerra Lopez-Lavalle, Christopher Abu Omongo, John Colvin and M. N. Maruthi ()
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Jackie Atim: Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, 9240, S. Riverbend Avenue, Parlier, CA 93648, USA
Andrew Kalyebi: National Crops Resources Research Institute, Kampala P.O. Box 7084, Uganda
Adriana Bohorquez-Chaux: International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Palmira 763531, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
Luis Augusto Becerra Lopez-Lavalle: International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Palmira 763531, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
Christopher Abu Omongo: National Crops Resources Research Institute, Kampala P.O. Box 7084, Uganda
John Colvin: Natural Resources Institute, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK
M. N. Maruthi: Natural Resources Institute, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK

Agriculture, 2024, vol. 14, issue 7, 1-17

Abstract: The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci , is a major pest of cassava in Africa. Developing whitefly-resistant cassava can control both whiteflies and viral diseases. The main aim of this study was to identify cassava genotypes resistant to four B. tabaci populations, sub-Saharan Africa 1—subgroups 1, 2, and 3 (SSA1-SG1, SSA1-SG2, and SSA1-SG3) and sub-Saharan Africa 2 (SSA2) that colonize cassava, as well as understand the mechanisms of resistance. Utilizing the antixenosis and antibiosis techniques in the choice and no-choice tests, respectively, to screen for whitefly resistance, we tested 46 cassava genotypes. Of these, 11 (Njule Red, Nase 3, Nase 1, Kibandameno, Sagonja, Aladu, Kiroba, Magana, 72-TME-14, Sauti, and PER 415) exhibited antixenosis, as they were least preferred for oviposition by all four whiteflies population in choice tests. Ten genotypes exhibited antibiosis (nymph mortality) against SSA1-SG1 and SSA1-SG3 in no-choice tests, and these were, Pwani, Nase 14, Kalawe, Eyope, NGA11, CoI2246, Mkumbozi, KBH2002/0066, Yizaso, and PER 608. Eight genotypes—Tongolo, Mbundumali, Colicanana, Orera, Ofumbachai, Nam 130, Tajirika, and MECU72—exhibited both antixenosis and antibiosis mechanisms against SSA1-SG1 and SSA1-SG3. And these can be considered the best sources of resistance for the potential development of whitefly-resistant cassava varieties in African countries.

Keywords: African whitefly; Manihot esculenta Crantz; whitefly resistance; whitefly populations; choice and no-choice test (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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