Insecticidal Properties and Chemical Characterization of Laurus nobilis L. Essential Oils from Two Regions of Morocco against Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchinae)

Rachid El Baghazaoui, Saadia Belmalha, Abdellatif Boutagayout, Laila Nassiri, Salma El Alami, Jean-Michel Savoie () and El Houssine Bouiamrine
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Rachid El Baghazaoui: Environment and Valorization of Microbial and Plant Resources Unit, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, B.P. 11201 Zitoune, Meknes 50000, Morocco
Saadia Belmalha: Department of Plant and Environment Protection, National School of Agriculture, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, Route Haj Kaddour, BP S/40, Meknes 50000, Morocco
Abdellatif Boutagayout: Environment and Valorization of Microbial and Plant Resources Unit, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, B.P. 11201 Zitoune, Meknes 50000, Morocco
Laila Nassiri: Environment and Valorization of Microbial and Plant Resources Unit, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, B.P. 11201 Zitoune, Meknes 50000, Morocco
Salma El Alami: Environment and Valorization of Microbial and Plant Resources Unit, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, B.P. 11201 Zitoune, Meknes 50000, Morocco
Jean-Michel Savoie: INRAE, UR 1264 Mycology and Food Safety (MycSA), F-33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
El Houssine Bouiamrine: Environment and Valorization of Microbial and Plant Resources Unit, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, B.P. 11201 Zitoune, Meknes 50000, Morocco

Agriculture, 2024, vol. 14, issue 7, 1-19

Abstract: Morocco is a significant botanical reservoir that boasts a wealth of raw materials with promising applications across various industrial sectors, notably in pharmaceuticals and food. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of essential oils (EOs) derived from Laurus nobilis L. leaves originating from the Tanger (EOT) and Meknes (EOM) regions in combating Callosobruchus maculatus infection. The chemical compositions of these oils were examined using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The biological activity of the EOs was evaluated via repulsion and fumigation tests against C. maculatus at varying concentrations. FTIR analysis revealed distinct vibrational bands indicative of various chemical compounds. GC-MS analysis was used to delineate the major chemical constituents of the EOs. The three predominant compounds in the EOT were 1,8-cineole (37.64%), linalool (16.40%), and adamantane (12.00%), whereas 1,8-cineole (47.84%), toluene (17.60%), and α-phellandrene (8.44%) were the most abundant in the EOM. Notably, the EOs exhibited significant repellent activity against C. maculatus , with repulsion percentages ranging from 51.11 to 90.00% in Tanger and 67.78 to 93.33% in Meknes. Mortality rates varied from 0 to 100% depending on the treatment. However, the mean concentrations showed mortality rates ranging from 29.44 to 65.56% for the EOT and from 21.11 to 67.78% for the EOM, with LD50 values of 11.96 μL/L and 5.22 μL/L. Docking studies revealed that 1,8-cineole had the highest binding affinity for the active site of acetylcholinesterase, thus confirming its toxic activity against C. maculatus . The findings of this study highlight the ability of EOs extracted from L. nobilis in the Moroccan regions of Tanger and Meknes to act as effective insecticides and repellents against C. maculatus , thereby highlighting avenues for further exploration of pest management and agricultural practices.

Keywords: Callosobruchus maculatus; fumigation; Laurus nobilis L.; repulsion; biocontrol (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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