Construction of Indicators of Low-Temperature Stress Levels at the Jointing Stage of Winter Wheat

Fengyin Zhang, Zhiguo Huo (), Zaiqiang Yang (), Lei Zhang, Na Wang, Mengyuan Jiang, Rui Kong, Qianchuan Mi, Meixuan Li and Huizhen Wu
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Fengyin Zhang: Collaborative Innovation Center of Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Zhiguo Huo: Collaborative Innovation Center of Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Zaiqiang Yang: Collaborative Innovation Center of Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Lei Zhang: National Meteorological Center, Beijing 100081, China
Na Wang: Collaborative Innovation Center of Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Mengyuan Jiang: Collaborative Innovation Center of Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Rui Kong: State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather (LASW), Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, No. 46, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
Qianchuan Mi: Collaborative Innovation Center of Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Meixuan Li: State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather (LASW), Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, No. 46, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
Huizhen Wu: Collaborative Innovation Center of Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China

Agriculture, 2024, vol. 14, issue 8, 1-26

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the impact of low-temperature (LT) stress during the jointing stage on three most representative wheat varieties in the Huang-Huai-Hai region: “Shannong 38” (a robust winter wheat variety), “Jimai 22” (a semi-winter wheat variety), and “Zhenmai 12” (a weak winter wheat variety). The objective was to explain the sensitivity and change thresholds of various physiological and yield indicators of three winter wheat varieties to low temperatures during the jointing stage and to construct an index for the grading of LT disasters during the jointing stage using principal component analysis. Controlled environment experiments were conducted using an artificial climate chamber during the jointing stage of winter wheat. Five daily minimum temperature treatments were applied, namely (T1, −6 °C); (T2, −3 °C); (T3, 0 °C); (T4, 3 °C); (T5, 6 °C); and control (CK, 8 °C). The duration of treatments was divided into three levels: (D1: 2 days), (D2: 4 days), and (D3: 6 days). It was found that the photosynthetic parameters and chlorophyll content showed a decreasing trend with the increase in the degree of LT stress. The activities of protective enzymes and endogenous hormones increased during the early stages of LT stress or at relatively high temperatures. However, they decreased significantly with an increase in LT stress. Among the varieties, “Zhenmai 12” exhibited a yield reduction rate exceeding 10% under 3 °C LT stress for more than 4 days and a yield reduction rate exceeding 20% under 0 °C LT stress for more than 6 days. “Jimai 22” showed a yield reduction rate exceeding 10% under 3 °C LT stress lasting more than 2 days, and a yield reduction rate exceeding 20% under −3 °C LT stress lasting more than 4 days. “Shannong 38” experienced a yield reduction rate exceeding 10% under 0 °C LT stress lasting more than 4 days and a yield reduction rate exceeding 20% under −6 °C LT stress lasting more than 6 days. Principal component analysis (PCA) conducted on all trait indicators of the three winter wheat varieties revealed that “Zhenmai 12” experienced mild LT stress at 6 °C for 2 days, moderate LT stress at 0 °C for 6 days, and severe LT stress at −3 °C for 6 days. “Jimai 22” experienced mild LT stress under 6 °C for 6 days, moderate LT stress under 0 °C for 4 days, and severe LT stress under −6 °C for 2 days. “Shannong 38” experienced mild LT stress under 3 °C for 4 days, moderate LT stress under 0 °C for 4 days, and severe LT stress under −6 °C for 6 days.

Keywords: low temperature; winter wheat; jointing stage; disaster levels (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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