Abiotic Stress in Cotton: Insights into Plant Responses and Biotechnological Solutions

Akshay Milind Patil, Bhausaheb D. Pawar, Sopan Ganpatrao Wagh (), Harshraj Shinde (), Rahul Mahadev Shelake, Nanasaheb R. Markad, Nandu K. Bhute, Jan Červený and Rajendra. S. Wagh
Additional contact information
Akshay Milind Patil: Cotton Improvement Project, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth (MPKV), Rahuri 413722, India
Bhausaheb D. Pawar: Cotton Improvement Project, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth (MPKV), Rahuri 413722, India
Sopan Ganpatrao Wagh: Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, 60300 Brno, Czech Republic
Harshraj Shinde: Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics, and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Mail Stop 3029, 1012 Wahl Hall West, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
Rahul Mahadev Shelake: Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
Nanasaheb R. Markad: Cotton Improvement Project, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth (MPKV), Rahuri 413722, India
Nandu K. Bhute: Cotton Improvement Project, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth (MPKV), Rahuri 413722, India
Jan Červený: Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, 60300 Brno, Czech Republic
Rajendra. S. Wagh: Cotton Improvement Project, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth (MPKV), Rahuri 413722, India

Agriculture, 2024, vol. 14, issue 9, 1-30

Abstract: Climate change has rapidly increased incidences of frequent extreme abiotic stresses, such as heat, drought, salinity, and waterlogging. Each of these stressors negatively affects the cotton crop ( Gossypium spp.) and results in significant yield decreases. Every stressful event causes specific changes in the metabolism and physiology of plants, which are linked to complex molecular alterations. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate a plant’s response to stress is essential to developing stress-resistant cotton varieties that can withstand various stress factors. Gene expressions in response to multiple stresses have been studied and mapped. These genes include ion transporters and heat shock proteins, which are vital to allowing adaptive responses. These approaches showed the ability to employ advanced genome sequencing and multi-omics techniques to identify dynamic gene expression patterns and elucidate intricate regulatory networks. Using genetic variation in combination with molecular techniques, it would be possible to generate stress-resilient cotton varieties that would enable sustainable cotton output in the face of abiotic stresses. Here, we reviewed the effects of major abiotic stressors on cotton plants, such as heat, salinity, drought, heavy metals, and waterlogging. We also examine the vast network of proteins, genes, and stress-sensitive signaling pathways that help cotton tolerate abiotic stress.

Keywords: abiotic stress tolerance; CRISPR/Cas9; drought; heat; salinity; stress physiology (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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