Establishing the Effects of Climate and Soil on the Nutritional Composition of an Array of Faba Bean Varieties Grown in Two Different Zones of Andalusia, Spain

Jazmín Osorio, Gianuario Fortunato, Eleonora Barilli, Diego Rubiales, Elisabete Pinto and Marta W. Vasconcelos ()
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Jazmín Osorio: CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua de Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
Gianuario Fortunato: CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua de Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
Eleonora Barilli: Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, CSIC, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
Diego Rubiales: Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, CSIC, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
Elisabete Pinto: CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua de Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
Marta W. Vasconcelos: CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua de Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal

Agriculture, 2025, vol. 15, issue 18, 1-12

Abstract: Legumes contribute to sustainable agriculture by reducing fertilizer use, enhancing nitrogen fixation, and with high species diversity (~20,000 species). Spain is a leading EU producer, yielding up to 30,000 tons of different legume varieties annually. The Mediterranean climate, particularly in regions like Andalusia, is under increasing pressure from climate change, with extreme temperature variations and drought becoming more frequent. While these changes may jeopardize crop yields, limited information is available on their effects on the nutritional profile of legumes. From 2017 to 2019, six faba bean ( Vicia faba ) varieties were monitored in two climatically distinct areas of Andalusia to assess the impact of temperature (T) and rainfall (R) on key nutrients and bioactive compounds, including protein, minerals (K, Ca, Mg, Zn, P, Fe, Mn, B), total polyphenol content (TPC), tannins (TA), and saponins (S). Spearman correlations showed that higher T negatively impacted TPC (r = −0.40) and Mg (r = −0.33), while positively influencing Zn (r = 0.27) and Ca (r = 0.22). Rainfall increased TPC and Mg but reduced TA, Zn, and Ca. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and PERMANOVA ( p < 0.001) confirmed T, R, and yield as significant factors. These insights support breeding strategies for climate-adapted, nutrient-rich faba beans and the development of more resilient food systems.

Keywords: legumes; faba bean; plant protein; climate change; Andalusia (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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