Does Training in AI Affect PhD Students' Careers? Evidence from France

Pierre Boutros, Eliana Diodati, Michele Pezzoni and Fabiana Visentin
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Pierre Boutros: Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, GREDEG, France
Eliana Diodati: University of Torino, Italy
Michele Pezzoni: Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, GREDEG, France
Fabiana Visentin: UNU-MERIT, Maastricht University, the Netherlands

No 2025-29, GREDEG Working Papers from Groupe de REcherche en Droit, Economie, Gestion (GREDEG CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur, France

Abstract: The rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI) urges us to better understand its impact on the labor market. This paper is the first to analyze the supply of individuals with AI training facing the labor market. We estimate the relationship between AI training and individuals' careers for 35,492 French PhD students in STEM who graduated between 2010 and 2018. To assess the unbiased effect of AI training, we compare the careers of PhD students trained in AI with those of a control sample of similar students with no AI training. We find that AI training is not associated with a higher probability of pursuing a research career after graduation. However, among students who have AI training during the PhD and pursue a research career after graduation, we observe a path dependence in continuing to publish on AI topics and a higher impact of their research. We also observe disciplinary heterogeneity. In Computer Science, AI-trained students are less likely to end up in private research organizations after graduation compared to their non-AI counterparts, while in disciplines other than Computer Science, AI training stimulates patenting activity and mobility abroad after graduation.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Training; PhD students'careers (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: J24 O30 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 44 pages
Date: 2025-07
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-ain, nep-eur and nep-lma
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