Censuses compared. A New Benchmark for British and German Manufacturing 1935/1936

Rainer Fremdling, Herman de Jong and Marcel Timmer

No GD-90, GGDC Research Memorandum from Groningen Growth and Development Centre, University of Groningen

Abstract: We present a new estimate of Anglo-German manufacturing output and productivity levels by industry for 1935/36. It is based on newly explored archival data on German manufacturing together with published British census data. We calculate comparative levels of value added, correcting for differences in prices for outputs and inputs. This so-called double deflation procedure provides new insights into productivity comparisons because output- and input price structures differed greatly between the two countries. Although the new calculations confirm existing results at an aggregate level, they reveal important differences at the industry level and show how Germany was striving for autarky as it prepared its economy for war.

Date: 2007
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