Effects of IMF-Supported Programs on Gender Inequality

Theo Eicher, Reina Kawai Eskimez and Monique Newiak

No 2024/247, IMF Working Papers from International Monetary Fund

Abstract: Crises often require economic consolidations that may unevenly affect different segments of the population. Some crisis countries enter financial arrangements with the IMF and adopt adjustment programs, and studies have associated program conditionality with negative impacts on gender inequality. Proper evaluations of the impacts of IMF-supported programs on gender inequality require, however, credible control groups that address the counterfactual: do post-crisis gender disparities evolve differently without an IMF-supported program? We examine over 150 IMF-supported programs (1994-2022) using custom-tailored control groups that match each IMF-supported program country’s gender and economic trends and find overwhelming evidence against systematic impacts of IMF-supported programs on gender equality.

Keywords: Gender Inequality; Female Labor Force Participation; Education; Adolescent Fertility; Maternal Mortality; IMF-supported programs; Economic Crisis; enrollment gender parity index; gender impact gap; gender disparity; impact gap; gender inequality indicator; MONA database; root mean square; SCM bias-corrected gender impact gap; recovery economics; gender indicator; crisis indicator; Gender diversity; Labor force participation; Global (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 49
Date: 2024-12-06
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