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Structural Reforms in Saudi Arabia Since 2016

David Koll, Andrea Medici, Marina Mendes Tavares and Masashi Saito

No 2026/014, IMF Working Papers from International Monetary Fund

Abstract: Since 2016, Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 reforms have improved governance, business regulations, capital markets, the labor market, and the external sector, narrowing structural gaps with frontier economies and improving economic performance. This paper summarizes progress, estimates the output impact of the reforms, notes challenges, and highlights future priorities for continued growth and diversification.

Keywords: Structural Reforms; Growth; Labor Market; Business Regulation; Governance; Capital Markets; International Factor Movement; Saudi Arabia; IMF working papers; output impact; output dividend; labor market mismatch; Labor markets; Labor demand; Global; Middle East; Central Asia (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 47
Date: 2026-01-23
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